Atoms And Electrons Flashcards
Where is the nucleus?
It’s in the middle of the atom
How big are atoms?
They’re tiny
What does the nucleus contain?
Protons and neutrons
Are protons positively or negatively charged?
Positively
Do neutrons have a negative, positive or no charge?
No charge
Overall, is the nucleus positively or negatively charged?
Positively because of the protons
How big is the nucleus of an atom?
It’s tiny compare to the rest of the atom
What charge does an ATOM have overall?
An atom has no charge, they’re neutral
The number of protons in at atom is also the same number as what?
Electrons
If some electrons are added or removed, that atom becomes charged, what is the atom then called?
An ion
How many types of atom does an element consist of?
One
How many different elements are there?
100
What are the vertical columns in the periodic table called? (Going down)
Groups
All of the elements in a group have the same what?
Number of electrons on there outer shell
What are the elements is group 0 called? (Group 8)
The noble gases
What does it mean if an element is a noble gas?
It means they’re stable and I reactive (they’re outer shell is full)
What is the top number on an element on the periodic table called?
The mass number
What is the mass number of an electron?
The total number of protons and neutrons
What is the bottom number on an element on the periodic table called?
The atomic number
What is an atomic number?
The number of protons ( which is also the number of electrons)
How do you work out the number of neutrons in an atom?
Subtract the atomic number from the mass number
What do electrons occupy?
Shells
When chemical elements react, atoms form chemical bonds with other atoms to form what?
Compounds
What is a compound?
Atoms joint together
What is ionic bonding?
Ionic bonding is when the metal atoms lose electrons to form positive ions and the non metal atoms gain electrons to form negative ions.
What is the charge of a proton?
+1
What is the charge of a neutron?
0
What is the charge of an electron?
-1
What boning consists of a metal and a non metal?
Ionic bonding
What is the bonding when a non metal bonds with a non metal?
Covalent bonding
What is covalent bonding?
A covalent bond is when was atom shares an electron with another atom. Each atom has to make enough covalent bonds to fill up its outer shell.
Atoms are made in chemical reaction, true or false?
False, atoms aren’t made or lost in a chemical reaction. They’re just arranged in different ways
The atoms at the start of an equation are called what?
Reactants
The atoms at the end of an equation are called what?
Products
In an equation, there must be the same number of atoms on each side of the arrow, true or false?
True, the reactants and the products both have to be balanced
