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Science 7th > Atoms > Flashcards

Atoms Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the basic unit of matter?

A

Atom

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2
Q

True or False: Atoms can be created or destroyed in a chemical reaction.

A

False

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3
Q

Fill in the blank: An atom consists of protons, neutrons, and ______.

A

electrons

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4
Q

What subatomic particle has a positive charge?

A

Proton

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5
Q

What subatomic particle has no charge?

A

Neutron

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6
Q

What subatomic particle has a negative charge?

A

Electron

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7
Q

Which part of the atom contains protons and neutrons?

A

Nucleus

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8
Q

True or False: Electrons are found in the nucleus of an atom.

A

False

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9
Q

What is the atomic number of an element?

A

The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom.

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10
Q

What determines the identity of an element?

A

The number of protons in its atoms.

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11
Q

Fill in the blank: The mass number of an atom is the sum of ______ and ______.

A

protons, neutrons

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12
Q

What is an isotope?

A

Atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons.

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13
Q

What do you call the regions where electrons are likely to be found?

A

Electron shells or orbitals

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14
Q

True or False: The first electron shell can hold a maximum of 8 electrons.

A

False

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15
Q

How many electrons can the first shell hold?

A

2 electrons

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16
Q

What is the maximum number of electrons in the second shell?

A

8 electrons

17
Q

What is a cation?

A

A positively charged ion.

18
Q

What is an anion?

A

A negatively charged ion.

19
Q

Fill in the blank: Atoms that have the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons are called ______.

A

isotopes

20
Q

What is the significance of valence electrons?

A

They determine an atom’s chemical properties and bonding behavior.

21
Q

What is the octet rule?

A

Atoms tend to bond in a way that gives them eight valence electrons.

22
Q

True or False: Noble gases have full valence electron shells.

A

True

23
Q

What type of bond involves the sharing of electron pairs?

A

Covalent bond

24
Q

What type of bond involves the transfer of electrons?

A

Ionic bond

25
Q

What is the term for the energy required to remove an electron from an atom?

A

Ionization energy

26
Q

Fill in the blank: The ______ model describes the atom as having a dense nucleus surrounded by a cloud of electrons.

A

quantum

27
Q

What is the difference between atomic mass and atomic weight?

A

Atomic mass is the mass of a specific isotope, while atomic weight is the weighted average of all isotopes of an element.

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