Atoms

Question 1

What makes up an element?

Answer 1

Atom

Question 2

Atom is the:
smallest _____ of an _____
building ______ of an ______

Answer 2

smallest particle of an element, building blocks of an element

Question 3

According to Aristotle, matter is made up of primal matter. These are:
_____
_____
_____
_____

Answer 3

Water, Air, Fire, and Earth

Question 4

According to Democritus:
Matter is made up of tiny ______ particless which he called “_______” in Greek

Answer 4

Indivisible, “Atomos”

Question 5

According to John Dalton:
Atoms are _____ ______, and He created a table of ______ using ______ to represent each one

Answer 5

Small Spheres
Table of Elements using symbol to represent each one

Question 6

He used the cathode ray tube, showing all elements contain electrons, he also created the plum pudding

Answer 6

Joseph John Thomson

Question 7

He used alpha particles as bullets to fire at a gold foil to see what happened.
His experiment concluded that the central of an atom which he called “nucleus”

Answer 7

Ernest Rutherford

Question 8

He performed the beryllium bombardment experiments alone, which he discovered the existence of neutrons, or proton but without electrical charge

Answer 8

Sir James Chadwick

Question 9

He proposed that the electrons move in orbits around the nucleus

Answer 9

Neils Bohr

Question 10

A German, he arranged elements into Groups of Three (3), called “Triads” in 1829

Answer 10

Johann Wolfgang Dobereiner

Question 11

A Englishman, he arranged elements into Groups of Eight (8), called “Octaves” in 1864

Answer 11

John Newlands

Question 12

A Russian, he arranged elements into Groups of Eight (8), based on increasing “Atomic Weight” in 1869

Answer 12

Dmitri Mendeleev (Father of the Modern Periodic table)

Question 13

A German, he arranged elements into Groups of Eight (8), based on increasing “Atomic Weight” (enhanced dmitri’s version) in 1870

Answer 13

Lothar Meyer

Question 14

A Englishman, he arranged elements into Groups of Eight (8), based on increasing “Atomic Number” in 1913

Answer 14

Henry Mosely

Question 15

What are the Three (3) Sub Atomic Particles?

Answer 15

Protons (p+) “positively charged”, +1.602x10^-19
Electrons (e-) “negatively charged”, -1.602x10^-19
Neutrons (n^0) “neutral charge”

Question 16

Each color of light has a specific wavelength

Answer 16

Line Spectra

Question 17

Energy level it normally occupies, state of lowest energy for that electron

Answer 17

Ground State

Question 18

An electron temporarily occupies an energy state greater than ground state

Answer 18

Excited State

Question 19

Bohr stated electrons are moving around the nucleus in circular path or orbit at definite distances from nucleus, what model specified this?

Answer 19

Planetary or Solar System Model

Question 20

From France, he suggested light has both wave and particle characteristics

Answer 20

Louis victor De Broglie

Question 21

Introduced mathematical description on electron’s motion called a wave function

Answer 21

Wave Mechanical Model

Question 22

Impossible to plot a definite path or orbit

Answer 22

Quantum Mechanical Model

Question 23

What are the Four (4) energy sublevels?

Answer 23

S (Sharp)
P (Principal)
D (Diffuse)
F (Fine or Fundamental)

orbitals ( 1, 3, 5, 7 )
electrons ( 2, 6, 10, 14 )

Question 24

What are the four quantum numbers?

Answer 24

Principal (n)
n = 1,2,3,4,….

Angular (l)
l = n - 1 (from zero to value of n-1)

Magnetic (ml)
ml = ( -1, 0, 1 )

Spin (ms)
+1/2 OR -1/2

Question 25

Building up principle, follows a sequence (order of increasing energy)

Answer 25

Aufbau Principle

Question 26

Two electrons can occupy the same orbital only if they have opposite spins

Answer 26

Pauli’s Exclusion Principle

Question 27

States that electrons must occupy available atomic orbitals singly first, before pairing and with parallel spins in degenerate orbitals to minimise repulsion

Answer 27

Hund’s Rule