Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Science10 > Atomic Theory > Flashcards

Atomic Theory Flashcards

1
Q

what is chemistry?

A

the study of matter

-matter is anything with mass or volume

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what is an element?

A

pure substance made up of one type of atom

-cannot be broken down

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what is a compound?

A

pure substance made up of two or more elements

-can be broken down

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what are subatomic particles?

A

particles that make up an atom

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

location of electron plus basic info (charge, relative mass)?

A

shells surround the nucleas

  • charge: negative one (-1)
  • mass: 1
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

location of proton plus basic info (charge, relative mass)?

A

nucleus

  • charge: positive one (+1)
  • mass: 1836
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

location of neutron plus basic info (charge, relative mass)?

A

nucleus

  • charge: neutral (0)
  • mass: 1837
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

why is nucleus positively charged overall?

A

neutrons have no charge

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what occupies the most volume in an atom?

A

electrons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what is a neutral atom?

A

protons and electrons are the same

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what is an ion?

A

a charged atom/atom has lost of gained electrons to become a electrically charged particle
-does not have equal amount of protons and electrons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what is the atomic number?

A

number of protons in nucleus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what is the mass number?

A

sum of protons and neutrons in nucleus

  • mass of atom comes mostly from p and n bc electrons almost have no weight
  • is whole number
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what is an isotope?

A

atoms with different number of neutrons (protons are the same)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what is the atomic mass?

A

average mass of all atoms in an element

  • different isotopes of atoms exist resulting in different weights of atoms
  • is decimal number
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

how to find mass number?

A

number of protons + number of neutrons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

who invented the periodic table?

A

dmitri mendeleev

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

where are the metals found on the pt?

A

left side

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

where are the non-metals found on the pt?

A

right side

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

what are the elements along the staircase called?

A

metalloids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

what are horizontal rows of the pt called?

A

periods

22
Q

what are vertical rows of the pt called?

A

families/groups

23
Q

alkali metals info:

  • side and group
  • reactive level
  • examples
A

left side group 1
highly reactive
lithium, sodium, potassium

24
Q

alkaline earth metals info:

  • side and group
  • reactive level
  • examples
A

left side group 2
somewhat reactive but not as much as alkali metals
beryllium, magnesium, calcium

25
Q

halogen non metals info:

  • side and group
  • reactive level
  • examples
A

right side group 17
very reactive
flourine, chlorine, bromium, iodine

26
Q

noble gases info:

  • side and group
  • reactive level
  • examples
A

right side group 18
highly non reactive
six noble gases: helium, argon, krypton, xenon, neon, radon

27
Q

what happens when atoms lose or gain electrons?

A

they become ions

28
Q

what happens to an atom that loses electrons and which atoms will lose electrons?

A
  • becomes positively charged

- all metals lose electrons

29
Q

what happens to an atom that gains electrons and which atoms will gain electrons?

A
  • becomes negatively charged

- all non metals gain electrons

30
Q

what group will not form ions?

A

noble gases

31
Q

what are multivalent metals?

A

metals that can form ions in multiple ways depending on the chemical reaction they undergo

32
Q

how to find number of electrons?

A

protons - charge

33
Q

how to find number of neutrons?

A

mass number - protons

34
Q

how to find mass number?

A

protons + neutrons

35
Q

what is a charge of 0?

A

neutral atom

36
Q

what is positive/negative charge?

A

ion

37
Q

how many electrons can the first shell hold?

A

2

38
Q

how many electrons can the second shell hold?

A

8

39
Q

how many electrons can the third shell hold?

A

8

40
Q

what does the period number represent?

A

number of occupied shells of atom

41
Q

what do the elements in the same family have in common?

A

same number of electrons on outermost shell

42
Q

what is the valence shell and electrons?

A

outermost shell and electrons in that shell

43
Q

what happens when you move left to right across a period?

A

one electron is added to the valence shell

44
Q

what is a full set of eight electrons called?

A

stable octet

45
Q

what happens when you change the number of protons?

A

new element created

46
Q

what happens when you change the number of neutrons?

A

different isotope created

47
Q

what happens when you change the number of electrons?

A

ion is produce

48
Q

why do other elements try to imitate noble gases?

A

noble gases are stable and have stable octet (full valence shells)

49
Q

how to other elements imitate nobles gases?

A

by losing or gaining electrons from other atoms in chemical reactions

50
Q

what happens when a metal meets a non metal?

A

they exchange electrons and have opposite charges that attract

51
Q

what is an atom?

A

smallest particle of an element that retains the property of that element

Science10 (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions