atomic structures Flashcards
define ‘atom’
the smallest part of any substance
name the 3 sub-atomic particles
proton, neutron and electron
relative charge, mass and location of protons
relative charge: +1, relative mass: 1, location: nucleus
relative charge, mass and location of neutrons
relative charge: 0/no charge, relative mass: 1, location: nucleus
relative charge, mass and location of electrons
relative charge: -1, relative mass, almost 0 (0.0005), location: in shells
why are atoms neutral/have no overall charge?
if protons and electrons are equal, they cancel eachother out
define ‘mass number’
total number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus
define ‘atomic number’
the number of protons in each atom of an element
number of _____ = number of ______
number of electrons = number of protons
define ‘ion’
particles which have lost or gained electrons meaning that the particle will now have a positive or negative charge
neutron equation?
mass number - atomic number
atomic numbers are equal to (sub-atomic particle) and (sub-atomic particle)
protons and electrons