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Cumulative Chemistry Quiz > Atomic Structure & the Periodic Table > Flashcards

Atomic Structure & the Periodic Table Flashcards

1
Q

What is the part of the atom that is located in the nucleus and has a positive charge called?

A

Proton

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2
Q

What is the part of the atom that is located in the nucleus and has a neutral charge called?

A

Neutron

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3
Q

What is the part of the atom that is located around the nucleus and has a negative charge called?

A

Electron

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4
Q

What is the atomic number of an element equal to?

A

The number of protons

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5
Q

What is the mass number equal to?

A

The combined number of protons and neutrons

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6
Q

What is the average atomic mass equal to?

A

The average mass of all isotopes of the element

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7
Q

What is the blue arrow pointing at?

A

Average atomic mass

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8
Q

What is the red arrow pointing at?

A

Atomic number

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9
Q

Using a periodic table, what is the atomic mass of sodium (Na)?

A

22.989

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10
Q

Using a periodic table, what is the atomic number of zinc (Zn)?

A

30

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11
Q

Using a periodic table, what is the atomic number of flourine (F)?

A

9

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12
Q

Using a periodic table, what is the atomic mass of magnesium (Mg)?

A

24.305

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13
Q

What is an atom?

A

The basic unit of life all things are made of

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14
Q

What is a molecule?

A

Atoms connected by chemical bonds

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15
Q

What is a compound?

A

A molecule made up of different elements

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16
Q

What is an isotope?

A

Atoms of an element with the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons

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17
Q

What is an ion?

A

An atom with a charge from either losing or gaining an electron

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18
Q

What is a cation?

A

A positive ion

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19
Q

What is an anion?

A

A negative ion

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20
Q

What are the elements shaded blue called?

A

Metals

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21
Q

What are the elements shaded green called?

A

Metalloids

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22
Q

What are the elements shaded pink called?

A

Nonmetals

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23
Q

What are the elements shaded purple called?

A

Noble gases

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24
Q

What are the properties/characteristics of metals?

A
  • shiny
  • good conductor of heat and electricity
  • malleable
  • solid at room tempertuare (except Hg)
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25
Q

What are the properties/characteristics of nonmetals?

A
  • dull
  • poor conductors of heat and electricity
  • brittle
  • liquids and gases at room temperature
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26
Q

What are the properties/characteristics of metalloids?

A
  • characteristics of both metals and nonmetals
  • can be shiny or dull
  • stairstep in the periodic table
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27
Q

If an element is a good conductor of heat and electricity, is shiny, malleable, and a solid at room temperature, it is probably what type of element?

A

metal

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28
Q

If an element is dull, not a good conductor of heat and electricity, a gas or a liquid at room temperature, and brittle, it is probably what type of element?

29
Q

If an element is shiny and malleable, but not a good conductor of heat and electricity and a liquid at room tempterature, it is probably what type of element?

A

A metalloid

30
Q

What are the properties/characterisitics of the noble gases?

A
  • gas at room temperature
  • very stable
  • full set of 8 valence electrons in the outermost shell
31
Q

If an element is very stable, has a full octet of valence electrons, and is a gas, it is probably what type of element?

32
Q

What type of element is generally a cation?

33
Q

What type of element is generally an anion?

34
Q

What is a valence electron?

A

The electrons that occupy the outermost energy level of an atom

35
Q

How many valence electrons does Na have?

36
Q

How many valence electrons does Mg have?

37
Q

How many valence electrons does Cl have?

38
Q

How many valence electrons does C have?

39
Q

How many valence electrons does O have?

40
Q

If an atom loses an electron, what type of ion does it become?

41
Q

If an atom gains an electron, what type of ion does it become?

42
Q

What is an atoms oxidation number?

A

The number of electrons it wants to donate, recieve, or share in its outermost energy level

43
Q

What is the oxidation number of Ca?

44
Q

What is the oxidation number of Li?

45
Q

What is the oxidation number of P?

46
Q

What is the oxidation number of Br?

47
Q

What is the oxidation number of O?

48
Q

What is a polyatomic ion?

A

An ion composed of two or more different atoms covalently bonded together with a full charge

49
Q

What is the oxidation number of sulfate (SO4??)?

50
Q

What is the oxidation number of hydroxide (OH??)?

51
Q

What is the oxidation number of ammonium (NH4??)?

52
Q

What is a lewis dot diagram?

A

Diagram to visually show the number of valence electrons in an atom

53
Q

What is the lewis dot diagram of Cl?

54
Q

What is the lewis dot diagram of Na?

55
Q

What is the lewis dot diagram of S?

56
Q

What is the lewis dot diagram of H2O?

57
Q

What is the lewis dot diagram of CO2?

58
Q

What is the lewis dot diagram of N2?

59
Q

What were the major contributions of John Dalton to the atomic theory?

A
  • coined the term “atoms”
  • believed atoms were indivisible
  • all atoms of a given element were identical to each other, and each element was different from the others
  • during a chemical reaction, atoms were rearranged
  • compounds were formed from different elements in whole number ratios
60
Q

What were the major contributions of JJ Thompson to the atomic theory?

A
  • discovered the negatively charged electron using a cathode ray tube
  • since matter is neutral, he hypothesized that atoms were a “pudding” of positive charge with negative “plum pieces” floating around to offset the charge (plum pudding model of the atom)
61
Q

What were the major contributions of Ernest Rutherford to the atomic theory?

A
  • discovered the nucleus
  • gold foil experiment proved that there was an area of highly concentrated positive mass in an atom
62
Q

If an atom has 15 protons, 15 electrons, and 20 neutrons, what is its mass number?

A

15 + 20 = 35

63
Q

If an atom has 8 protons, 8 electrons, and 12 neutrons, what is its mass number?

A

8 + 12 = 20

64
Q

If an atom has 34 protons, 34 electrons, and 39 neutrons, what is its atomic number?

A

34 (atomic number is equal to the number of protons)

65
Q

The average atomic mass of carbon is 12.011. Which isotope of carbon is more likely to be the most abundant, C-12 or C-13?

66
Q

The average atomic mass of calcium is 40.078. Which isotope of calcium is more likely to be the most abundan, Ca-40 or Ca-39?

67
Q

In the periodic table, groups go DOWN or ACCROSS?

68
Q

In the periodic table, periods go DOWN or ACCROSS?

69
Q

HC: What is the average atomic mass of a hypotheical element, Sh, that has two isotopes, Sh-19 and Sh-21, that are abundant in equal amounts?

A

20

Since they are abundant in equal amounts, they are each 50% abundant. (19g•0.50)+(21g•0.50) = 20

Cumulative Chemistry Quiz (6 decks)

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