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Cumulative Chemistry Quiz > Atomic Structure & the Periodic Table > Flashcards

Atomic Structure & the Periodic Table Flashcards

1
Q

What is the part of the atom that is located in the nucleus and has a positive charge called?

A

Proton

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2
Q

What is the part of the atom that is located in the nucleus and has a neutral charge called?

A

Neutron

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3
Q

What is the part of the atom that is located around the nucleus and has a negative charge called?

A

Electron

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4
Q

What is the atomic number of an element equal to?

A

The number of protons

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5
Q

What is the mass number equal to?

A

The combined number of protons and neutrons

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6
Q

What is the average atomic mass equal to?

A

The average mass of all isotopes of the element

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7
Q

What is the blue arrow pointing at?

A

Average atomic mass

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8
Q

What is the red arrow pointing at?

A

Atomic number

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9
Q

Using a periodic table, what is the atomic mass of sodium (Na)?

A

22.989

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10
Q

Using a periodic table, what is the atomic number of zinc (Zn)?

A

30

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11
Q

Using a periodic table, what is the atomic number of flourine (F)?

A

9

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12
Q

Using a periodic table, what is the atomic mass of magnesium (Mg)?

A

24.305

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13
Q

What is an atom?

A

The basic unit of life all things are made of

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14
Q

What is a molecule?

A

Atoms connected by chemical bonds

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15
Q

What is a compound?

A

A molecule made up of different elements

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16
Q

What is an isotope?

A

Atoms of an element with the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons

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17
Q

What is an ion?

A

An atom with a charge from either losing or gaining an electron

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18
Q

What is a cation?

A

A positive ion

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19
Q

What is an anion?

A

A negative ion

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20
Q

What are the elements shaded blue called?

A

Metals

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21
Q

What are the elements shaded green called?

A

Metalloids

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22
Q

What are the elements shaded pink called?

A

Nonmetals

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23
Q

What are the elements shaded purple called?

A

Noble gases

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24
Q

What are the properties/characteristics of metals?

A
  • shiny
  • good conductor of heat and electricity
  • malleable
  • solid at room tempertuare (except Hg)
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25
What are the properties/characteristics of nonmetals?
* dull * poor conductors of heat and electricity * brittle * liquids and gases at room temperature
26
What are the properties/characteristics of metalloids?
* characteristics of both metals and nonmetals * can be shiny or dull * stairstep in the periodic table
27
If an element is a good conductor of heat and electricity, is shiny, malleable, and a solid at room temperature, it is probably what type of element?
metal
28
If an element is dull, not a good conductor of heat and electricity, a gas or a liquid at room temperature, and brittle, it is probably what type of element?
nonmetal
29
If an element is shiny and malleable, but not a good conductor of heat and electricity and a liquid at room tempterature, it is probably what type of element?
A metalloid
30
What are the properties/characterisitics of the noble gases?
* gas at room temperature * very stable * full set of 8 valence electrons in the outermost shell
31
If an element is very stable, has a full octet of valence electrons, and is a gas, it is probably what type of element?
Noble gas
32
What type of element is generally a cation?
metal
33
What type of element is generally an anion?
nonmetal
34
What is a valence electron?
The electrons that occupy the outermost energy level of an atom
35
How many valence electrons does Na have?
1
36
How many valence electrons does Mg have?
2
37
How many valence electrons does Cl have?
7
38
How many valence electrons does C have?
4
39
How many valence electrons does O have?
6
40
If an atom loses an electron, what type of ion does it become?
cation
41
If an atom gains an electron, what type of ion does it become?
anion
42
What is an atoms oxidation number?
The number of electrons it wants to donate, recieve, or share in its outermost energy level
43
What is the oxidation number of Ca?
2+
44
What is the oxidation number of Li?
1+
45
What is the oxidation number of P?
3-
46
What is the oxidation number of Br?
1-
47
What is the oxidation number of O?
2-
48
What is a polyatomic ion?
An ion composed of two or more different atoms covalently bonded together with a full charge
49
What is the oxidation number of sulfate (SO4??)?
2-
50
What is the oxidation number of hydroxide (OH??)?
1-
51
What is the oxidation number of ammonium (NH4??)?
1+
52
What is a lewis dot diagram?
Diagram to visually show the number of valence electrons in an atom
53
What is the lewis dot diagram of Cl?
54
What is the lewis dot diagram of Na?
55
What is the lewis dot diagram of S?
56
What is the lewis dot diagram of H2O?
57
What is the lewis dot diagram of CO2?
58
What is the lewis dot diagram of N2?
59
What were the major contributions of John Dalton to the atomic theory?
* coined the term "atoms" * believed atoms were indivisible * all atoms of a given element were identical to each other, and each element was different from the others * during a chemical reaction, atoms were rearranged * compounds were formed from different elements in whole number ratios
60
What were the major contributions of JJ Thompson to the atomic theory?
* discovered the negatively charged electron using a cathode ray tube * since matter is neutral, he hypothesized that atoms were a "pudding" of positive charge with negative "plum pieces" floating around to offset the charge (plum pudding model of the atom)
61
What were the major contributions of Ernest Rutherford to the atomic theory?
* discovered the nucleus * gold foil experiment proved that there was an area of highly concentrated positive mass in an atom
62
If an atom has 15 protons, 15 electrons, and 20 neutrons, what is its mass number?
15 + 20 = **35**
63
If an atom has 8 protons, 8 electrons, and 12 neutrons, what is its mass number?
8 + 12 = **20**
64
If an atom has 34 protons, 34 electrons, and 39 neutrons, what is its atomic number?
34 (atomic number is equal to the number of protons)
65
The average atomic mass of carbon is 12.011. Which isotope of carbon is more likely to be the most abundant, C-12 or C-13?
C-12
66
The average atomic mass of calcium is 40.078. Which isotope of calcium is more likely to be the most abundan, Ca-40 or Ca-39?
Ca-40
67
In the periodic table, groups go DOWN or ACCROSS?
Down
68
In the periodic table, periods go DOWN or ACCROSS?
Accross
69
HC: What is the average atomic mass of a hypotheical element, Sh, that has two isotopes, Sh-19 and Sh-21, that are abundant in equal amounts?
20 Since they are abundant in equal amounts, they are each 50% abundant. (19g•0.50)+(21g•0.50) = 20

Cumulative Chemistry Quiz (6 decks)

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