atomic structure & periodic table

Question 1

all substances are made of…

Answer 1

atoms

Question 2

atom=

Answer 2

smallest part of element

Question 3

element=

Answer 3

substance that contains 1 sort of atom

Question 4

compounds=

Answer 4

• contain atoms of of 2 or more elements

- can only be separated into their component elements by chemical reactions or electrolysis

Question 5

reactants:

Answer 5

substances that react (left side)

Question 6

products:

Answer 6

new substances formed (right side)

Question 7

mixtures

Answer 7

consists of two or more elements or compounds which are not chemically combined

Question 8

how can mixtures be separated?

Answer 8

physical processes

Question 9

filtration

Answer 9

separate soluble solid from a solution

salt + sand

Question 10

cut

Answer 10

obtain soluble solid from a solution

salt from salt water- heated then evaporated

Question 11

simple distillation

Answer 11

obtain solvent from solution

Question 12

fractional distillation

Answer 12

separate mixtures with components with different boiling points

Question 13

chromatography

Answer 13

separate the different soluble coloured components of a mixture

Question 14

proton

Answer 14

relative mass: 1

relative charge: +1

Question 15

neutron

Answer 15

relative mass: 1

relative charge: 0

Question 16

electron

Answer 16

relative mass: very small

relative charge: -1

Question 17

number of nutrons =

Answer 17

mass number - atomic number

Question 18

atoms have…

Answer 18

no overall charge

contain equal n of protons + electrons

Question 19

isotopes

Answer 19

-same n of protons
-different n of nutritions
(sane atomic n but different mass n)

Question 20

ions

Answer 20

atom that gain or lose electrons

Question 21

metal atoms lose electrons to

Answer 21

form positive ions

Question 22

non-metal atoms gain electrons to

Answer 22

form negative ions

Question 23

first shell:

Answer 23

can hold max 2 electrons

Question 24

next two shells:

Answer 24

hold max 8 electrons

Question 25

group 0

Answer 25

• noble gases
• full outer shell
• unreactive non-metals

Question 26

group 1

Answer 26

• alkali metals
• one electron in outer shell
• low melting & boiling point
• become more reactive down the group
• low density

Question 27

group 7

Answer 27

• non metal
• halogens
• 7 in outer shell
• reactivity decreases down group