ATOMIC STRUCTURE & PERIODIC TABLE Flashcards
define ‘atom’
the smallest part of an element that can exist
define ‘molecule’
A group of two or more atoms chemically joined together
define ‘isotope’
atoms of the same element that contain the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons.
how do you calculate the relative atomic mass of an element from isotopic abundances?
(mass of isotope 1 x % isotope 1) + (mass isotope 2 x % isotope 2) etc.
divide all by 100
how are elements in the periodic table arranged (atomic number)
in order of increasing atomic number
what do periods show
horizontal rows that show the number of shells of electrons an atom has and are numbered from 1 - 7
what do groups show?
vertical columns that show how many outer electrons each atom has
what kind of oxides are metals?
basic oxides
do metals or non-metals react with acids?
many metals
what are physical characteristics of metals?
- malleable
- ductile
why do metals in the same group have similar chemical properties
they have the same number of electrons in their outer shell.
why are noble gases inert?
all have full outer shells of electrons; this electronic configuration is extremely stable
they don’t need to lose or gain electrons and are inert.
