Atomic Structure + electrons Flashcards
What is the mass of an electron?
1/2000
What is relative isotopic mass?
The mass of an atom of an isotope compared to one/twelfth of the mass of an atom of Carbon 12
What is relative atomic mass?
The weighted mean mass of an atom of an element compared with one/twelfth of the mass of an atom of Carbon12.
What is an orbital?
A region within an atom which can hold up to 2 electrons with opposite spins.
Why do isotopes react in the same way?
Neutrons have no effect on reactivity however physical properties may differ.
Determine of relative atomic mass equation
(Abundance x mass number) + ( abundance x mass number) / 100
How to calculate relative molecular mass?
Add together relative atomic masses of each atom making up a molecule.
Units : gmol-1
What are the 4 orbitals and how many electrons can fit in each shell?
S orbital - 2 electrons
P orbital ( 3xp otbitals) - 6 electrons
d orbitals (5xd orbitals) - 10 electrons
f orbitals ( 7xf orbitals ) - 14 electrons
What is a sub shell?
A group of the same type of atomic orbitals within a shell
What are the max number of electrons per energy level?
1st- 2
2nd- 8
3rd- 18
4th- 32
What is the Audbau principle?
Electrons fill orbitals of lowest energy first.
What is the order in which sub shells are filled?
1s^2 2s^2 2p^6 3s^2 3p^6 4s^2 3d^10 4p^6
What is Hunds rule?
Each of the orbitals within a sub shell has to be filled singly and with parallel spins before any electrons can pair up.
What is the mass number?
Number of protons +neutrons.
What is the atomic number?
Number of protons in a nucleus
