ATOMIC STRUCTURE, BALANCING EQUATIONS AND IONIC FORMULAE TEST Flashcards
IONS
what is an ion?
Ions are formed when atoms loose/gain electrons, to obtain full outer shell of electrons, to have the most stable electronic configuration
how to know if it’s an ion?
if it has a different number of protons than it does electrons
what is the result of different number of protons and electrons?
the atom has a +/- charge, if it’s lost electrons then positive, it it gains then negative
How do you show the charge?
by using a [ ], around it, with it’s charge in the top right corner ( [ ]+1 )
how to calculate overall charge
overall charge = protons-electrons. (eg. 11-10= +1)
ISOTOPES
what is an isotope?
atoms of the same element that have the same number of protons, but different number of neutrons.
if chlorine has an atomic mass of 35 75% of the time, and 37 25% of the time, what is the relative atomic mass(RAM)
(75x35)+(25x37) / (75+25) = 35.5
ATOMIC STRUCTURE
difference between atom and molecule
an atom is a single unit of matter, while a molecule is a structure made up of multiple atoms connected by chemical bonds
Max number of electrons on each shell (first 4)
2,8,8,2 (eg. 2,8,3 = aluminium)
What does the group number tell you about the atom?
The number of electrons on outer shell is correlated to the group number (eg. group 7 elements have 7 electrons on their outer shell)
What does the period number tell you about the element.
how many electron shells are occupies (eg. period 3= 3 electron shells occupied)
IONIC FORMULAE
