Atomic structure and the periodic table Flashcards
explain the structure of an atom
have protons and neutron in a central nucleus, with electrons in shells (energy levels) around the nucleus.
compare the size of the nucleus in relation to a atom
nucleus is very small compared with overall size of atom
explain the relation of protons in a atom
atoms of a given element all have the same number of protons in their nuclei. and this number is unique to that element
what do the number of protons in the nucleus determine
which element the atom is part of
what do atoms have the same number of
atoms have the same number of protons and electrons
what is the relative charge and mass of a:
a) proton
b) neutron
c) electron
a) relative mass = 1, relative charge = +1
b) relative mass = 1, relative charge = 0
c) relative mass = 1/1840, relative charge = -1
how does the atom become neutral charge
the protons (+) balance the electrons (-).
what is the atomic number
the number of protons in the nucleus
what is the mass number
the total number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus.
what are isotopes
atoms of the same elements with different numbers of neutrons.
how are elements in the periodic table arranged
in order of their atomic numbers.
what are the horizontal rows called
periods
how are elements with similar properties placed
in vertical columns
where are metals in the periodic table
metals are on the left-hand side and in the centre
where are non metals in the periodic table
on the right hand side
how did mendeleev arrange elements in the periodic table
by using properties of these elements and their
compounds
how did mendeleev use his periodic table
used his table to predict the existence and properties of some elements not then discovered
how are electrons arranged in an atom
in electron shells, or energy levels around the nucleus
explain electronic configurations
electrons fill the shells that are closest to the nucleus first.
give the electronic configurations of 20 different elements
ANSWER IT
Describe the connection between the number of outer electrons and the position of an element in the periodic table
the further down in the periodic table the more electron shells and the higher the group number the more electrons in the outer shel
describe the relation between the group numbers and the number of electrons in the outer shells
group numbers are the same as the number of electrons in the outer shells (apart from group 0)
describe the relation between the number of occupied shells and the period number
number of occupied shells is the same as the period number
