Atomic Structure And The Periodic Table Flashcards
Sketch an atom. Label the nucleus and the electrons.
What is the charge of proton?
+1
True or false? Elements contain more than one type of atom.
False
Give the formula for carbon dioxide.
CO2
Formula for sodium carbonate.
Na₂CO₃
What is the difference between a compound and a mixture?
Compounds are substances which can be formed by chemically combining two or more elements. Mixtures are substances that are formed by physically mixing two or more substances
What is the name of the pattern formed from carrying out paper chromatography?
Chromatography: a visible record (such as a graph) showing the result of separating the components of a mixture by chromatography is called chromotogram.
Which method of separation is useful to separate an insoluble solid from liquid?
Filtration is a method for separating an insoluble solid from a liquid.
Give the name of a method to separate a soluble solid from liquid.
Evaporation.
Which method of distillation would you use to separate liquids with similar boiling points?
Fractional distillation.
Who discovered the plum pudding model was wrong?
Ernest Rutherford
Who devised an experiment that proved the existence of the neutron?
James Chadwick
What is the electronic structure of sodium?
Why did Medeleev leave gaps in his Table of Elements?
Mendeleev left gaps in his table to place elements not known at the time. By looking at the chemical properties and physical properties of the elements next to a gap, he could also predict the properties of these undiscovered elements.
How are the group number and the number of electrons in the outer shell of an element related?
The number of electrons in the outer shell of all the elements in a group is the same as the group number.
What kind of ions do metals form?
Metal atoms lose electrons to form positive ions (cations ) non-metal atoms gain electrons to form negative ions (anions )
Where are the non-metals on the periodic table?
The metals are to the left of the line (except for hydrogen, which is a nonmetal), the nonmetals are to the right of the line, and the elements immediately adjacent to the line are the metalloids.
State three trends as you go down group 1
The atoms become larger.
the outer electron becomes further from the nucleus.
The force of attraction between the nucleus and the outer electron decreases.
The outer electron is lost more easily.
State the products of the reaction of sodium.
Sodium reacts with cold water to form sodium hydroxide and hydrogen gas.
How do the boiling points of halogens change as you go down the group from fluorine to astatine?
Boiling point increases as you go down the group because the mass of each element increases and they have more electrons around their nuclei.
What is the charge of the ions that halogens form when they react with metals?
The halide ion will have a negative charge and the metal ion will have a positive charge.
Predict whether iodine is displaced by chlorine in a solution of potassium iodide.
When chlorine is bubbled through potassium iodide solution iodine is displaced.
What is the trend in the boiling point as you go down Group 0?
Boiling point increases as you go down the list.
