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CHEMISTRY 12 > Atomic structure and isotopes > Flashcards

Atomic structure and isotopes Flashcards

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1
Q

What are isotopes?

A

Atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons and different masses

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2
Q

What is A?

A

Number of protons + number of neutrons = mass number

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3
Q

What is the relative mass of a proton?

A

1

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4
Q

What is the relative charge of a proton?

A

+1

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5
Q

What is the relative mass of a neutron?

A

1

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6
Q

What is the relative charge of a neutron?

A

0

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7
Q

What is the relative mass of an electron?

A

1/2000

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8
Q

What is the relative charge of an electron?

A

-1

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9
Q

How are ions formed?

A

By losing or gaining electrons

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10
Q

How isotopes of the same element similar?

A

They have the same electronic configuration so they react the same way in chemical reactions

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11
Q

How are isotopes of the same element different?

A

They have slightly different physical properties

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12
Q

What is relative isotopic mass?

A

It is the mass of an atom of an isotope compared with 1/12th of the mass of an atom of carbon-12
- the mass number

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13
Q

What is relative atomic mass?

A

It is the ratio of the average mass of an atom of an element to 1/12th of the mass of an atom of carbon-12

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14
Q

What is relative molecular mass?

A

It is the ratio of the average mass of a molecule of an element or compound to 1/12th of the mass of an atom of carbon-12

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15
Q

What is the formula mass?

A

It is the ration of the average mass of a molecule of an ionic compound to 1/12th of the mass of an atom of carbon-12

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16
Q

What is mass spectrometry?

A

It is a form of molecular chemical analysis that allows the masses of individual molecules or isotopes to be determined

17
Q

How can mass spectrometry be used?

A
  • Provides structural information
  • Identify an unknown compound
  • Determine the relative abundance of each isotope of an element
  • Determine the relative atomic mass
18
Q

What does mass spectrometry give information about?

A
  • The relative abundance of isotopes on the y axis
  • The relative isotopic mass on the x axis
19
Q

How is relative atomic mass calculated?

A

∑(relative isotopic mass x abundance) / 100

20
Q

What is the chemical symbol of nitrate?

A

N03

21
Q

What is the chemical symbol for carbonate?

A

CO3 2-

22
Q

What is the chemical symbol for sulphate?

A

SO4 2-

23
Q

What is the chemical symbol for ammonium?

A

NH4 +

24
Q

What is the chemical symbol for zinc?

A

Zn 2+

25
Q

What is the chemical symbol for silver?

A

Ag +

26
Q

What is the chemical symbol for nitride?

A

N 3-

27
Q

What is the chemical symbol for sulphide?

A

S 2-

27
Q

Define a mole

A

One mole of an element is the Ar in grams

28
Q

What is the Avogadro’s number?

A

6.02 x 10^23

CHEMISTRY 12 (19 decks)

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