Atomic structure and Bonding Flashcards
What is the difference between ions, molecules and atoms?
Atoms are single neutral particles. Molecules are neutral particles made of two or more atoms bonded together. An ion is a charged particle
Different properties of metals
Good conductors of heat and electricity (High conductivity) Malleability Ductile Lustrous Sonorous High density Hard
What is a lattice?
It is a regular repeated three-dimensional arrangement
What is “Giant” mean in a Giant lattice structure?
Giant because you can’t state exactly how many ions there are
This is why the simplest whole-number ratio is used for the ionic formua
What is a polyatomic ions?
A polyatomic ion is a chemical ion composed of two or more atoms covalently bonded.
Different properties of ionic compounds
High melting and boiling points
Mostly soluble in water
Ionic solids do not conduct electricity (they are insulators)
Conduct electricity when dissolved in water or molten (liquid)
Brittle
Hard
Why do ionic compounds have high melting and boiling points?
The strong electrostatic force of attraction between the ions require a lot of energy to break.
Flame tests
Red : Lithium Li+
Intense yellow/orange: Sodium Na+
Purple (lillac/violet) : Pottasium K+
Brick red : Calcium Ca+2
Covalent Bonding
Non-metal elements
Electrons are shared
Very Strong bonds
Properties of Simple Molecular Structures
Low melting points and boiling points
Don’t conduct electricity
What is the structure of metals?
Metal atoms lose their valence electrons, which become delocalized throughout the whole structure. The metal cations are attracted to the sea of delocalized electrons. This electrostatic attraction is called metallic bonding.
What are the 3 types of intermolecular forces in order?
Dispersion forces
Dipole-Dipole forces
Hydrogen bonds
What are intramolecular forces?
Ionic bonds
Covalent bonds
Metallic bonds
What are simple molecular structures?
Simple molecules contain only a few atoms held together by covalent bonds. An example is carbon dioxide (CO2), the molecules which contain one atom of carbon bonded with two atoms of oxygen
