Atomic Structure

Question 1

Who discovered the atom (year)

Answer 1

Domocritus (600BC)

Question 2

Who discovered the electron (year, model)

Answer 2

JJ Thompson in 1897 with the plum pudding model

Question 3

Who discovered the nucleus (year, model)

Answer 3

Rutherford from 1908-13 with the nuclear model

Question 4

Who discovered shells (year, model)

Answer 4

Bohr in 1913 with the nuclear model

Question 5

What is a nucleus

Answer 5

A nucleus is the tiny central part of a cell. It contains protons and neutrons. The nucleus is surrounded by electrons in energy cells. The relative charge of a nucleus is always 0

Question 6

What are the properties of protons

Answer 6

A proton has a relative mass of 1 and a relative charge of 1. The number of protons in an atom decides the atomic number. The protons are inside of the nucleus

Question 7

What are the properties of a neutron

Answer 7

A neutron had a relative mass of 1 and a relative charge of 0. Neutrons are kept inside of the nucleus. Neutrons are also used to find the mass number which is: number of protons + number of neutrons

Question 8

What are the properties of an electron

Answer 8

Electrons are tiny (1/2000 relative mass) they have a relative charge of -1 . They are housed in outer energy levels/shells. The number of electrons in an atom is EQUAL to the number of protons.

Question 9

What is the atomic number of a particle

Answer 9

The atomic number is bottom number on the periodic table element.

Question 10

What is the mass number of a particle

Answer 10

The mass number is the biggest number of the element on the periodic table. It is worked out by adding the number of protons and the number of neutrons.

Question 11

What is an isotope

Answer 11

Isotopes are atoms of the same element but have different mass numbers and different numbers of neutrons. However as they are the same element they still have the same number of protons.

Question 12

What is the group number of an element

Answer 12

The group number of an element is the columns of the element. There are 18 groups in the periodic table. They are numbered from left to right.

Question 13

What is the period number of an element

Answer 13

The period number of an element is the row that the element is situated in. They are numbered 1-7 from top to bottom.

Question 14

What is electron arrangement

Answer 14

Electron arrangement is the way the electrons are arranged in the atom. They are arranged in three shells. With the first holding a max of 2 electrons, the second a max of 8 and the third a max of 8