Atomic Structure

Question 1

What is an atom

Answer 1

particles that make up all substances and are made up of subatomic particles called protons, neutrons and electrons

Question 2

Describe the nucleus and the properties of its particles to do with mass

Answer 2

A tight, dense bundle of protons and neutrons at the centre of every atom.

Neutrons are heaver than protons and protons are 1800 x heavier than electrons therefore the nucleus is where almost all mass is.

Question 3

Describe electrons in an atom

Answer 3

Electrons spin around the space surrounding the nucleus on electron shells. There are always the same number of electrons as protons to keep the atom neutral.

Question 4

Why do electrons not collapse or fly away from the atom

Answer 4

Electrons are kept just right because just like the solar system has gravity electrons have electrical attraction from its negativity to the protons positivity which is just enough to keep it on the shells.

Question 5

The lesser the amount of protons…

Answer 5

the lighter and less dense an atom is

Question 6

The more protons….

Answer 6

the heavier and more dense/reactive

Question 7

What is an element and how are they named

Answer 7

atoms that differ in their number of protons, neutrons and electrons. They are named based on the number of protons - atomic number (z)

Question 8

How many types of elements are there

Answer 8

118 different ones, 26 man-made not natural

Question 9

What is an isotope

Answer 9

atoms that have the same number of protons and the same atomic number but have a different amount of neutrons giving them a different mass

Question 10

What is the formula for atomic number

Answer 10

number of protons= atomic number

Question 11

what is the formula for mass number

Answer 11

protons + neutrons = mass number

Question 12

Discuss the development of the periodic table

Answer 12

the periodic table was first talked about in teh 1700s but the modern day one was brought about by dimitri mendeleev in 1869

Question 13

How is the periodic table arranged (metals, non metals, groups, periods)

Answer 13

the periodic table lists the known elements in order of increasing atomic number. The metals are on teh left of the step and the non metals are on the right. Horizontal rows are periods and vertical columns are groups.

Question 14

What is similar about the periodic table groups

Answer 14

Elements with similar physical/chemical properties are in the same group and react similarly.

Question 15

How are element symbols made

Answer 15

They are based on teh first two letters of the element if not latin or greek words