Atomic structure

Question 1

What is the mass (amu), charge and position of a proton?

Answer 1

1
positive charge
Nucleus

Question 2

What is the mass (amu), charge and position of a neutron?

Answer 2

1
No charge (neutral)
nucleus

Question 3

What is the mass (amu), charge and position of an electron?

Answer 3

the mass is so small it counts as 0
negative charge
outer shell

Question 4

What does the atomic number represent?

Answer 4

number of protons

Question 5

what affect does the number of protons have?

Answer 5

the number of protons affects the nuclear charge of an atom

Question 6

What does the number of protons equal?

Answer 6

number of electrons

Question 7

What does the mass number equal

Answer 7

number of protons + neutrons

Question 8

how can one work out the number of neutrons?

Answer 8

mass number - atomic number

Question 9

Write out the nuclide notion for sodium if the mass number is 23 and the atomic number is 11

Answer 9

23
Na
11

Question 10

How are elements arranged in the periodic table?

Answer 10

in order of increasing atomic number

Question 11

Describe the first energy level and the other energy levels

EG. position of energy level and how many electrons they can hold

Answer 11

First energy level

nearest to the nucleus
hold a maximum of two electrons
Other energy level
-can hold a maximum of up to 8 electrons

Question 12

What are isotopes?

Answer 12

atoms with the same atomic number but different mass number

Question 13

What is RAM? (relative atomic mass)

Answer 13

average mass of all the isotopes of a single element

Question 14

Formula for RAM?

Answer 14

(mass number x abundance of isotope 1) + (mass number and abundance of isotope 2) / 100

Question 15

Why are atoms neutral?

Answer 15

they have an equal number of positive protons and negative electrons

Question 16

When is an ion formed

Answer 16

when there is an imbalance of electrons to protons

Question 17

What is an ion and how are they formed?

Answer 17

ions are charged particles and they are formed when atoms lose or gain electrons

Question 18

What happens to metal atoms to form ions?

Answer 18

they lose electrons to form positive ions

Question 19

What happens to non metal atoms to form ions?

Answer 19

they gain electrons to form negative ions

Question 20

What happens when atoms of other elements combine?

Answer 20

their electron arrangements become more like those of the noble gases - they achieve a full outer energy level

Question 21

A sample of silver is found to contain atoms of silver with different masses: 107Ag and 109Ag. The RAM of silver is 108. What does this suggest about the relative abundance of these different atoms?

Answer 21

Equal quantities of each isotope

Question 22

A sample of chlorine is found to contain atoms of silver with different masses: 35Cl and 37 Cl. The RAM of chlorine is 35.5. What does this suggest about the relative abundance of the isotopes?

Answer 22

The isotope with a mass of 35 is the more abundant

Question 23

What happens as you go down the group in alkaline metals

Answer 23

as you go down the group the reactivity increases

Question 24

What happens as you go down the group in halogens

Answer 24

the reactivity decreases

Question 25

Describe why elements in the same group share the same valency and have similar properties

Answer 25

because they have the same number of electrons in their outer energy levels.

Question 26

Describe alkaline metals

Answer 26

alkaline metals are metals and reactive

Question 27

Describe halogens

Answer 27

halogens are non metals and reactive

Question 28

Describe noble gases

Answer 28

noble gases are non metal and unreactive