Atomic Structure

Question 1

Atoms

Answer 1

All matter is composed of atom, smallest amount of an individual type of matter. Consists of Neutrons, Protons and Electrons

Question 2

Neutron

Answer 2

Neutral electrical Charge; the most mass. located in nucleus

Question 3

Protons

Answer 3

Positive electrical charge; second highest mass, located in nucleus. Equals the number of electrons. Controls the stability of the nucleus and radioactivity

Question 4

Electrons

Answer 4

negative electrical charge; orbits the nucleus. Equals the number of protons in nucleus. Controls the chemical properties of an atom.

Question 5

Negative Ion

Answer 5

Atom has more electron than protons

Question 6

Positive Ion

Answer 6

Atom has fewer electron than protons.

Question 7

Atomic Number

Answer 7

Z number on periodic table; number of protons, change in number of protons changes element

Question 8

Atomic Weight

Answer 8

Average sum of the weights of protons and neutrons in the nucleus. Always a decimal

Question 9

Atomic mass

Answer 9

The sum of atomic mass of the protons and neutrons

Question 10

Nuclide/ Radionuclide

Answer 10

A nucleus with a given number of protons, neutrons and amount of energy, if unstable nucleus, will emit radiation to become a radionuclide.

Question 11

Radioactive Decay

Answer 11

Nucleus in unstable state wants to become stable. (Alpha decay, Beta decay, positron emission, electron capture or internal conversion)

Question 12

becquerel

Answer 12

(bq) SI unit for radioactivity. 1 bq = 1 disintergrating atom per second (dps)

Question 13

curie

Answer 13

Ci; US unit of radioactivity. 1 Ci = 3.7 X10 to the 10 Bq

Question 14

Physical Half-life

Answer 14

The amount of time (seconds, minutes, days, years) required for the number of radionuclide atoms to reduce one-half its original quantity