Atomic structure

Question 1

What is an atom?

Answer 1

Smallest particle to exist

Question 2

What is an element?

Answer 2

A substance that’s made of only one type of atoms

Question 3

What are the 3 subatomic particles and what are their charges?

Answer 3

protons (+1)
neutron (0)
electron (-1)

Question 4

What are the masses of the 3 subatomic particles?
[hint: think about the nucleus]

Answer 4

protons - 1
neutrons - 1
electrons - 0.005?

Question 5

What makes up the nucleus?

Answer 5

protons and neutrons

Question 6

What is a compound?

Answer 6

A compound is something [A SUBSTANCE] that is made of two or more types of elements

Question 7

What is the element that consists of 6 protons in each of its atoms?

Answer 7

carbon

Question 8

Using the periodic table, find out the number of protons in Potassium

Answer 8

19 atoms are found in the number of protons in potassium

Question 9

Using the periodic table, find out the number of electrons in Bromine

Answer 9

there are 35 electrons in Bromine

Question 10

What is the charge of an atom? What does it mean for proton number vs electron number in an atom?

Answer 10

proton number = electron number they are both the same because the charge is neutral

Question 11

Name the elements found in NH3

Answer 11

ammonia

Question 12

Define atomic number

Answer 12

the total number of protons and neutrons in its nucleus

Question 13

How many neutrons are there in Sulphur?

Answer 13

there are 16 neutrons in sulphur

Question 14

How many neutrons are there in Lithium?

Answer 14

there are 4 neutrons in lithium

Question 15

What is an ion?

Answer 15

a charged atom

Question 16

How is an ion formed?

Answer 16

when an atom gains or looses an electron

Question 17

Where are electrons found?

Answer 17

In the shell surrounding the nucleus

Question 18

Why do atoms gain or lose an electron?

Answer 18

To gain a full outer electron shell

Question 19

What is the significance of a full outer electron shell?

Question 20

List atoms and ions separately
Na+, Cl2, Fe2+, H+, He, Ca

Answer 20

Atoms -
Ions -
[Remember atoms are neutral and ions are charged particles]

Question 21

What is the importance the period of the element?

Answer 21

To find out the number of electron shells

Question 22

What is the importance of the group of the element?

Answer 22

To find the number of electrons on the outer most shell

Question 23

How many electrons can be found in the 1st, 2nd and 3rd electron shells?
[refer to the number of elements in each period]

Answer 23

1st shell - 2 electrons
2nd shell - 8 electrons
3rd shell - 8 electrons

Question 24

What is the electronic configuration of Neon?

Answer 24

[2,8]

Question 25

What is the electronic configuration of Magnesium?

Answer 25

[2,8,2]

Question 26

What is the electronic configuration of Beryllium?

Answer 26

[2,2]

Question 27

What is the half equation for the formation of lithium ions?

Answer 27

Li -> Li+ + e-

Question 28

What is the half equation for the formation of chlorine ions?

Answer 28

Cl + e- -> Cl-

Question 29

What is the half equation for the formation of sodium ions?

Answer 29

Na -> Na+ + e-

Question 30

What is the half equation for the formation of magnesium ions?

Answer 30

Mg -> Mg2+ + 2e-

Question 31

How do we find the charge of ions?

Question 32

Differentiate between mixture and compound

Answer 32

similarity - difference -

Question 33

What is the name given to elements in group 7?

Question 34

What is the name given to elements in group 8?