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GCSE Chemistry > Atomic structure > Flashcards

Atomic structure Flashcards

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1
Q

What is an atom?

A

Smallest particle to exist

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2
Q

What is an element?

A

A substance that’s made of only one type of atoms

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3
Q

What are the 3 subatomic particles and what are their charges?

A

protons (+1)
neutron (0)
electron (-1)

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4
Q

What are the masses of the 3 subatomic particles?
[hint: think about the nucleus]

A

protons - 1
neutrons - 1
electrons - 0.005?

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5
Q

What makes up the nucleus?

A

protons and neutrons

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6
Q

What is a compound?

A

A compound is something [A SUBSTANCE] that is made of two or more types of elements

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7
Q

What is the element that consists of 6 protons in each of its atoms?

A

carbon

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8
Q

Using the periodic table, find out the number of protons in Potassium

A

19 atoms are found in the number of protons in potassium

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9
Q

Using the periodic table, find out the number of electrons in Bromine

A

there are 35 electrons in Bromine

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10
Q

What is the charge of an atom? What does it mean for proton number vs electron number in an atom?

A

proton number = electron number they are both the same because the charge is neutral

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11
Q

Name the elements found in NH3

A

ammonia

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12
Q

Define atomic number

A

the total number of protons and neutrons in its nucleus

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13
Q

How many neutrons are there in Sulphur?

A

there are 16 neutrons in sulphur

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14
Q

How many neutrons are there in Lithium?

A

there are 4 neutrons in lithium

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15
Q

What is an ion?

A

a charged atom

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16
Q

How is an ion formed?

A

when an atom gains or looses an electron

17
Q

Where are electrons found?

A

In the shell surrounding the nucleus

18
Q

Why do atoms gain or lose an electron?

A

To gain a full outer electron shell

19
Q

What is the significance of a full outer electron shell?

A
20
Q

List atoms and ions separately
Na+, Cl2, Fe2+, H+, He, Ca

A

Atoms -
Ions -
[Remember atoms are neutral and ions are charged particles]

21
Q

What is the importance the period of the element?

A

To find out the number of electron shells

22
Q

What is the importance of the group of the element?

A

To find the number of electrons on the outer most shell

23
Q

How many electrons can be found in the 1st, 2nd and 3rd electron shells?
[refer to the number of elements in each period]

A

1st shell - 2 electrons
2nd shell - 8 electrons
3rd shell - 8 electrons

24
Q

What is the electronic configuration of Neon?

A

[2,8]

25
Q

What is the electronic configuration of Magnesium?

A

[2,8,2]

26
Q

What is the electronic configuration of Beryllium?

A

[2,2]

27
Q

What is the half equation for the formation of lithium ions?

A

Li -> Li+ + e-

28
Q

What is the half equation for the formation of chlorine ions?

A

Cl + e- -> Cl-

29
Q

What is the half equation for the formation of sodium ions?

A

Na -> Na+ + e-

30
Q

What is the half equation for the formation of magnesium ions?

A

Mg -> Mg2+ + 2e-

31
Q

How do we find the charge of ions?

A
32
Q

Differentiate between mixture and compound

A

similarity -
difference -

33
Q

What is the name given to elements in group 7?

A
34
Q

What is the name given to elements in group 8?

A

GCSE Chemistry (2 decks)

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