Atomic Structure Flashcards
What does an atom consist of?
Nucleus containing protons and neutrons surrounded by electrons
What are the relative atomic masses of a proton neutron and electron
1,1 and 1/1840 respectively
What are the relative charges of a proton neutron and electron
+1, 0 and -1 respectively
How do the number of protons and electrons differ in an atom
They are the same because atoms have a neutral charge
Which force holds together the atomic nucleus?
Strong nuclear force
What is the atomic number of an element
The number of protons in the nucleus of a single atom of an element
What is the mass number of an element
Number of protons and neutrons
What is an isotope
Atom with the same number of protons but different number of neutrons
What is an ion
An atom or group of atoms with a charge
What is the function of a mass spectrometer
Accurately determines the mass and abundance of separate atoms or molecules to help is identify them
What is a mass spectrum
The output from a mass spectrometer that shows the different isotopes that make up an element
What is the total number of electrons that each electron shell can contain
2n^2 (2nsquared) where n is the number of the shell
How many electrons can the first three electron shell contain each
2 electrons in first, 8 electrons in second, 18 electrons in third
What are the first four electron sub shells (orbitals)called
S,p,d and f in order
How many electrons can each orbital hold
Max of two electrons
