Atomic structure

Question 1

What are atoms

Answer 1

Atoms are the simplest form of an element that exists and can take part in a chemical reaction

Question 2

What are atoms made of

Answer 2

Atoms are made from smaller subatomic particles

Question 3

What are the subatomic particles that make up an atom

Answer 3

The subatomic particles are protons, neutrons and electrons. Electrons surround the nucleus of the atom which consists of protons and neutrons

Question 4

What is the mass of the atom determined from

Answer 4

The mass of an atom is determined from the amount of protons and neutrons in the nucleus. This is because electrons don’t have an appreciable mass

Question 5

What is the mass of each subatomic particle

Answer 5

Protons: 1
Neutrons: 1
Electrons: 1/2000

Question 6

What is the electric charge of each subatomic particle

Answer 6

Protons: +1
Neutrons: 0
Electrons: -1

Question 7

What does the mass number give

Answer 7

The mass number gives the amount of protons and neutrons in the atom

Question 8

What does the atomic number give

Answer 8

The atomic number gives the amount of protons in the atom

Question 9

How is the number of electrons relative to the number of protons

Answer 9

The number of electrons is the same as the number of protons, as atoms have no overall electrical charge

Question 10

How are electrons arranged

Answer 10

Electrons are arranged in shells around the nucleus

Question 11

What is the electronic configuration of an atom

Answer 11

The electronic configuration of an atom is a description of how the electrons are arranged in the shells

Question 12

What is the maximum capacity for each of the first four cells

Answer 12

first: 2
second: 8
third: 8
fourth: 2

Question 13

What is an example of an electronic configuration

Answer 13

2.8.3

Question 14

What is the group number

Answer 14

The group number is the amount of electrons in the outer shell

Question 15

What is the period number

Answer 15

The period number is the number of shells an element has

Question 16

What is the name given to group number 1

Answer 16

Group number 1 is Alkali metals

Question 17

What is the name given to group number 2

Answer 17

Group number 2 is Alkaline earth metals

Question 18

What is the name given to group number 7

Answer 18

Group number 7 is Halogen

Question 19

What is the name given to group number 8

Answer 19

Group number 8 is Noble gasses

Question 20

What are isotopes

Answer 20

Isotopes are atoms of the same element that have the same number of protons and electrons but have a different number of neutrons

Question 21

What are ions

Answer 21

Ions are charged particles formed when atoms gain/lose electrons in a reaction

Question 22

Why do atoms gain/lose electrons

Answer 22

Atoms gain/lose electrons in order to acquire a full outer shell that helps them be more stable

Question 23

How do metal atoms form ions

Answer 23

Metal atoms tend to lose electrons, forming positively charged particles called cations

Question 24

How do non-metal atoms form ions

Answer 24

Non-metal atoms tend to gain electrons, forming negatively charged ions called anions

Question 25

What determines the identity of an element

Answer 25

The identity of an element is determined by the number of protons in the nucleus

Question 26

What is the new name of a magnesium ion

Answer 26

Mg2+

Question 27

What is the new name of an oxide ion

Answer 27

O2-