atomic structure

Question 1

similarities between isotopes:

Answer 1

same chemical reactions,

Why?
because isotopes have the same number of valence electrons and so lose, gain or share the same number of electrons to have a full outer shell, and it is these electrons that determine the chemical properties of an element, so therefore the same chemical reactions.

Question 2

differences between isotopes:

Answer 2

The only difference

is the density of each isotope.

Question 3

Isotopes may be radioactive, or non-radioactive. Due to radioactivity, a new atom is formed, this is not a chemical change, it is a nuclear change. Some of these radioactive isotopes occur naturally, but others are made in nuclear reactors.

Answer 3

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Question 4

Medical uses of radioactive isotopes

Answer 4

1. cobalt-60 is used in treating inaccessible cancerous cells
2. strontium-90 is used in treating skin cancer
3. iodine-131 is used to monitor the function of the thyroid gland
4. gamma rays can be used to sterilise surgical equipment

Question 5

Industrial uses:

Answer 5

1. strontium-90 is used to monitor the thickness of paper or metal on a production line to make sure it is not too thick or too thin
2. uranium-235 is used to generate electricity in a nuclear power station