Atomic Orbitals, Electronic Configurations and the Periodic Table Flashcards
How many electrons can orbitals hold?
A maximum of 2 electrons
What are the different shapes of orbitals identified as?
s, p, d and f
What is quanta?
The fixed amount of energy electrons within atoms have.
What is the principle quantum number, n?
n indicates the main energy level for an electron and is related to the size of the orbital.
What does the angular momentum quantum number, l, determine?
L determines the shape of the sub shell and can have values from zero to n-1.
What does the magnetic quantum number,ml, determine?
The orientation of the orbital and can have values between -l and +l
What does the spin number, ms, determine?
Ms determines the direction of spin and can have values of +1/2 or -1/2
State the aufbau principle.
Electrons fill in orbitals in order of increasing energy.
State Hund’s rule.
When degenerate orbitals are available, electrons fill each singly, keeping their spins parallel before spin pairing starts.
State the Pauli exclusion principle.
No two electrons in one atom can have the same set of four quantum numbers, therefore, no orbital can hold more than two electrons and the two electrons have opposite spins.
Where is the s-block in the periodic table?
Groups 1 &2
(&helium)
- 2 outer electrons
Where is the d-block of the periodic table?
Transitional metals
Where is the p-block?
Groups 13-18
Where’s the f-block?
Periods at the bottom of the periodic table
Where is there a special stability (orbitals)?
There is a special stability associated with half-filled and full subshells.
Name for the shape of a structure with 2 electron pairs?
Linear
Name for the shape of the structure with three electron pairs?
Trigonal planar
Name for the shape of a structure with four electron pairs?
Tetrahedral
Name for the shape of a structure with five electron pairs?
Trigonal bipyramidal
Name for the shape of a structure with six electron pairs?
Octahedral
