atomic

Question 1

alpha particle

Answer 1

helium nucleus emitted during radioactive decay

Question 2

antineutrino

Answer 2

particle emitted with beta negative particle

Question 3

atomic number

Answer 3

total number of proton in a nucleus

Question 4

background radiation

Answer 4

the radiation we are constantly exposed to from both natural and artificial sources

Question 5

baryon

Answer 5

formed from three quarks or antiquarks

Question 6

beta negative particle

Answer 6

electron emitted from the the nucleus

Question 7

beta postive particle

Answer 7

a positive electron emitted from the nucleus

Question 8

binding energy

Answer 8

amount of energy required to break apart a nucleus into different nucleons

Question 9

elementary particle

Answer 9

particle with no internal structure

Question 10

exchange particle

Answer 10

transmit forces between particles

Question 11

gamma particle

Answer 11

a photon emitted during radioactive decay

Question 12

gluon

Answer 12

an exchange particle that holds a hadron together

Question 13

graviton

Answer 13

a yet to be discovered particle responsible for gravitational force

Question 14

hadron

Answer 14

formed from a group of quarks and antiquarks

Question 15

higgs boson

Answer 15

particle responsible mass

Question 16

ionisation

Answer 16

removal of an electron from an atom or molecule to create a positive ion

Question 17

isotope

Answer 17

nucleus with the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons

Question 18

lepton

Answer 18

any member of the electron family

Question 19

mass defect

Answer 19

difference in mass between individual nucleons and their total mass when bound in a nucleus

Question 20

mass number

Answer 20

total number of proton and neutrons within a nucleus

Question 21

meson

Answer 21

formed from a quark-antiquark pair

Question 22

neutrino

Answer 22

particle emitted with a beta positive decay

Question 23

nuclear fission

Answer 23

a large nucleus splitting into smaller nuclei

Question 24

nuclear fusion

Answer 24

smaller nuclei combining to form a larger nucleus

Question 25

nucleon

Answer 25

any particle within a nucleus

Question 26

photon

Answer 26

a packet of energy that makes up light and transmits the electromagnetic force

Question 27

quark

Answer 27

fundamental particle makes up of proton and neutrons

Question 28

quark confinement

Answer 28

the reason quarks cannot exist in isolation as they are moved apart the energy required forms another quark

Question 29

radioactive half life

Answer 29

time taken for half the radioactive nuclei in a sample to decay

Question 30

standard model

Answer 30

the theory describes the electromagnetic, weak and strong interactions of particles

Question 31

tranmutation

Answer 31

changing a nucleus from one from to another by the addition of nucleons

Question 32

unified atomic mass unit

Answer 32

equivalent to the mass of one twelfth of the mass of a carbon-12 atom

Question 33

virtual particle

Answer 33

a boson cannot be detected