Atom, Isotope, Ion LESSON 1

Question 1

Electrons

Answer 1

Negatively-charged particles that orbit around the nucleus in fixed levels.

Question 2

Each electron has a charge of

Answer 2

-1

Question 3

Electrons are so small and light that they are said to have almost

Answer 3

no mass

Question 4

Nucleus

Answer 4

The centre of the atom, which is made of protons and neutrons.

Question 5

Proton

Answer 5

Positively charged particle, with a mass of 1 u

Question 6

Each proton has a charge of

Answer 6

+1

Question 7

Neutron

Answer 7

Neutral particle, with a mass of 1 u

Question 8

Each neutron has a charge of

Answer 8

0

Question 9

In a neutral atom,

Answer 9

Number of protons = number of electrons
There is no overall charge

Question 10

What if the number of protons and electrons did not match?

Answer 10

Number of protons ≠ number of electrons
A charged atom is called an ion. An atom becomes charged when it gains or loses electrons

Question 11

Cautron (+)

Answer 11

loss of electrons

Question 12

Anion (-)

Answer 12

loss of protons

Question 13

Isotopes

Answer 13

Atoms with same number of protons but different number of neutrons

Atoms of the same element (same atomic number but different mass numbers)

Question 14

atomic number

Answer 14

number of protons
unique to each atom
number of electrons in neutral atom

Question 15

element symbol

Answer 15

-derived from Latin name
unique to each atom

A symbol uses one or two letters (the 1st letter is always capitalized)

Oxygen (O)

Sodium (Na)

Question 16

atomic mass

Answer 16

-average atomic mass (u)
-related to number of protons and neutrons

The average atomic mass can provide information regarding the total number of protons and neutrons

Question 17

Standard Atomic Notation

Answer 17

Mass number (A) = total number of protons and neutrons (Z+N) [N=Neutrons)

Atomic number (Z) = total number of protons

X = chemical symbol for the element

A
X
Z