Atmosphere Flashcards
As height increases…
pressure decreases
pressure/volume equation
pressure x volume = number of moles x constant x temperature
atmosphere equation
p(o) x e (-z/h) or p(o) x e (mgh/kt)
why doesn’t mercury have an atmosphere
not a lot of gravity
why has Venus got high atmospheric pressure
CO2
mars
CO2, thin atmosphere
earths atmosphere
nitrogen/oxygen
early atmosphere
hydrogen/helium then volcanic degassing and formed water vapour/CO2. Oxygen formed from photon dissociation and formed ozone. Bacteria produced oxygen and CO2 reduced and oxygen increased
what happens to the atmosphere when you increase height
changes from oxygen/nitrogen to atomic oxygen
why does the atmosphere change to atomic oxygen
ionisation and no nitrogen
Ionosphere
upper layer of atmosphere, between exosphere and thermosphere, ionised by solar radiation, photons dislodge electrons
where does atomic oxygen come from
ionosphere
recombination
opposing force, where positive ions capture electrons
temperature higher up is controlled by …
ionisation/radiation
where does recombination occur
low altitude, where gas density decreases
what determines ionization
point of balance between 2 processes
gas dissociation equation
E = h x f
what’s h and f
h= planks constant (6.63 x 10(-34), f= frequency
troposphere
temperature decreases, weather
stratosphere
temperature increases, ozone absorbs radiation
mesosphere
temperature decreases, coldest part, mixed gases
thermosphere
temperature increases, gasses layer on each other
what happens if there is no temperature variation
water will escape atmosphere
exosphere
highest layer, light gases, atomic oxygen, hydrogen/helium, satellites
