Atmosphere Flashcards
Composition of atmosphere
nitrogen: 78%
oxygen: 21%
carbon dioxide(noble gas): 0.04%
All the other gases(noble gases): <1%
The early atmosphere (theory) around 1 billion years
Very dry, a lot of volcanic activity. There was a lot of water vapour, nitrogen and carbon dioxide. Then, water vapour condensed forming the oceans and the carbon dioxide dissolved in the water forming carbon precipitates which became sediments in the seabed.
The early atmosphere at around 2.7 billion years
plants and algae appeared which performed photosynthesis and led to there being a lot of oxygen. When plants died, they fell and were buried in layers of sediment, which later formed oil, gas and sedimentary rocks (limestone and coal…), which trapped carbon dioxide.
What is an element, compound and mixture?
Element: substance made of only one type of atom.
Compound: substance made of two or more types of atoms chemically joined in a fixed ratio.
Mixture: substance made of two or more elements or compounds not chemically joined and in a ratio that varies.
Group the composition of air on onenote lesson 1
Tests for carbon dioxide, hydrogen and oxygen
Carbon dioxide Test: When carbon dioxide is bubbled through limewater (calcium hydroxide) the limewater goes cloudy (or milky).
Oxygen test: If oxygen is present in a test tube, a glowing splint relights when it is held inside.
Hydrogen test: Place a lighted splint in a test tube containing the gas. If the gas is hydrogen, there will be a squeaky pop.
Chemical formula for aerobic respiration
C6 H12 O6 + O2 -> 6H2O + 6CO2
Troposphere
troposphere
0-10 km from Earth
-50 to 50 degrees celcius
Humans and nearly all weather and 99% of water are found here
Stratosphere
stratosphere
10-50 km from Earth
-15 degrees celcius
Planes are found here
Mesosphere
mesosphere
50-80 km from Earth
-100 degrees Celsius
Burning stars are found here
Thermosphere
thermosphere
500-1000 km from Earth
200 degrees Celsius
IIt is where things burn
Exosphere
exosphere
1000-10000 km from Earth
0-1700 degrees Celsius
Satellites and spaceships are found here.
What is the ozone layer?
Ozone is three oxygen atoms that use UV light to break ozone down to oxygen and to remake ozone protecting us from UV light that can damage us. It is in the stratosphere but can sometimes be found in the troposphere and can cause asthma. Ozone sign is O3(meant to be a small 3)
What are CFC
Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) are pollutants that destroy the ozone layer and made out of carbon, chlorine and fluorine.
How are greenhouse gases are released naturally into the environment.
Water cycle
