ati study Flashcards
what kind of meds can you not crush
extended release, sublingual, or enteric coated. Must be taken with 5-10ml of water
what is cycloplegia
cycloplegia is paralysis of the ciliary muscle of the eye, resulting in a loss of accommodation. Because of the paralysis of the ciliary muscle, the curvature of the lens can no longer be adjusted to focus on nearby objects.
describe the positive effects of estrogen supplementation
decreased bone resorption and increase mineral deposition
Reduces LDL and increases HDL cholesterol
what is vasopressin and when shouldn’t you use it
Vasopressin is used to manage anti-diuretic hormone deficiency.
Vasopressin is used to treat diabetes insipidus related to low levels of antidiuretic hormone.
Don’t use when you suspect renal impairment (decreased creatine)
what do drugs ending in -pril do?
ace inhibitors: for hypertension
decrease BP by dilating vessels, decreased workload,
what do drugs ending in -olol do?
beta blockers: for heart failure, hypertension
slow HR, reduce myocardial contractility,
what do drugs ending in -dipine do?
calcium channel blockers
relax blood vessels, increase O2 to the heart, reduce work on heart, decrease bp
what do drugs ending in -sartan do?
angiotensin 2 receptor agonists (ARBs)
inhibit blood vessel constriction, lowers bp
USE WITH BP MED
what do drugs ending in -actone do?
K-sparing diuretics
increases fluid into bladder from kidneys but leaves potassium in blood
what do drugs ending in -thiazide do?
thiazide diuretics
treat hypertension and edema, takes potassium from blood
what do drugs ending in -afil do?
treat erectile dysfunction
causes vasodilation which can lower bp
what do drugs ending in -statin do?
anti-lipidemic drugs
decrease cholesterol (especially LDL) and cardiovascular disease
what do drugs ending in -ase do?
thrombolytic drug (tpa)
break up clots causing stroke/heart attacks
what do drugs ending in -arin do?
anticoagulant
prevents coagulation and prolongs clotting time
what do drugs ending in -cycline do?
tetracycline
treat/prevent bacterial infections
what do drugs ending in -mycin do?
aminoglycoside
antibiotic
what do drugs ending in -floxacin do?
fluroquinolones
broad-spectrum antibiotic
what do drugs ending in -vir do?
antiviral
what do drugs ending in -azine do?
Antiemetic
what do drugs ending in -prazole do?
proton pump inhibitor
anti-ulcer drugs
reduce gastric acid production
what do drugs ending in -tidine do?
H2 Receptor Antagonists (H2 Blockers)
block histamine action in stomach, reduce gastric acid production
what do drugs ending in -terol and -phylline do?
bronchodilators
dilate bronchi/bronchioles
decrease airway resistance
increase airflow to lungs
what do drugs ending in -ine do?
antihistamine
for allergies (runny nose, sneezing, itching, hives)
Loratadine
Diphenhydramine
Brompheniramine
what do drugs ending in -pam and -lam do?
benzodiazepine
treats anxiety
what do drugs ending in -triptyline do?
tricyclic antidepressants
treat depression, anxiety, OCD, and bipolar disorder
what do drugs ending in -pram and -ine do?
SSRI (fluoxetine/prozac, sertraline/zoloft, citalopram/celexa, escitalopram/lexapro)
block/delay serotonin resorption
treats major depressive disorders, anxiety disorders,
what do drugs ending in -caine do
local anesthetic
prevent transmission of nerve impulses
what do drugs ending in -sone and -lone do?
corticosteroids
decrease inflammation
what do drugs ending in -ide do
oral hypoglycemic agents
(glyburide, glipizide)
What blood test can tell you whether a drug is being peed out
creatine lower than 87 demonstrates kidney’s decreased ability to filter
What is ALT (Alanine aminotraansferase)
liver function test
above 36 indicates hepatice impairment
antidepressants can affect what
heart. causes tachycardia and ECG changes
Name a common side effect of acarbose (type 2 diabetes drug)
GI issues (loose stool, farting, abdominal cramping)
What two drugs treat tuberculosis
isoniazid, rifampin
what is digoxin
Digoxin helps make the heart beat stronger and with a more regular rhythm.
Digoxin is used to treat heart failure.
Digoxin is also used to treat atrial fibrillation
You should not use digoxin if you have ventricular fibrillation OR PULSE IS LOW
