ATI REVIEW: Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base

Question 1

Another name for furosemide?

Answer 1

Lasix

Question 2

Client

• Heart Failure
• Receiving furosemide (Lasix)
• General muscle weakness
• Decrease bowel sounds

What do these s/s indicate?

What should nurse do?

Answer 2

• Hypokalemia cuased by furosemide change to potassium-saring diuretic

Question 3

Can potassium be administered via IV bolus?

Answer 3

NO, BUT IN IV SOLN TO DELIVER 10 MEQ/L

Question 4

Normal magnesemia level

Answer 4

1.6-2.6

Question 5

Hypomagnesemia s/s

1. Hint hypo is “Under” or “Deep”
2. Bowel sounds
3. respiration
4. BP

Answer 5

1. Hyperactive deep tendon reflexes
2. Decrease bowel sounds
3. shallow respirations
4. Increase BP

Question 6

Prolonged PR interval and widened QRS complex indicates which lab value?

Answer 6

Hyperkalemia

Question 7

Neurological assessment: Client presents

• dehydration
• Mental status change
• confused and lethargic

Priority nursing action?

Answer 7

Report findings to physician

REIVEW “SAFETY AND RISK” REDUCTION PRIORITY SETTING FRAMEWORK

Question 8

Incentive spirometer post-op will promote?

Answer 8

adequate gas exchange and decrease the risk of respiratory acidosis

Question 9

Client Ca level 8.4 mg/dL, nurse prepare for?

Answer 9

seizure precuations

Question 10

Foods good source of Ca? (2)

Answer 10

green beans and broccoli

Question 11

What vitamin is needed for Ca absorption?

Answer 11

Vit D

Question 12

DKA…expect glucose to be high or low?

Answer 12

glucose elevated

Question 13

client with 6.2 potassium what can nurse administer?

Answer 13

IV SOLN HIGH IN DEXTROSE AND REGULAR INSULIN WILL CAUSE POTASSIUM TO MOVE FROM THE BLOOD INTO THE CELLS AND DECREASE SERUM

Question 14

Client with serum K+ 3.0 s/s (1)

Answer 14

ORTHOSTATIC HYPOTENSION

Question 15

HYPERKALEMIA

Increase or Decrease Muscle strength

Answer 15

Decrease muscle strength

Question 16

Increase specific gravity indicates ___?___ of urine and is assoicated with dehydration, not ___?___

Answer 16

Increase specific gravity indicates greater concentration of urine and is assoicated with dehydration, not fluid overload

Question 17

Are hypoactive bowel sounds associated with dehydration or fluid overload?

Answer 17

dehydration

Question 18

1. Fluid overload results in increased vascular vol…pulse result?
2. fluid overload results in greater work load on respiratory system…rate result?

Answer 18

1. bounding pulse
2. increase respiratory rate

Question 19

DOES FUROSEMIDE EXCRETE K OR RETAIN?

Answer 19

EXCRETE

Question 20

WHAT DOES FLUID OVERLOAD DO TO HEMATOCRIT?

Answer 20

DECREASES HEMATOCRIT

Question 21

Hematocrit

male

female

newborn

infant

MedlinePlus

Answer 21

Hematocrit is a blood test that measures the percentage of the volume of whole blood that is made up of red blood cells. This measurement depends on the number of red blood cells and the size of red blood cells.

male 40-50

female 36-44

newborn 45-60

infant 32-42

Question 22

Isotonic dehydration is the loss of ___?___ only

Answer 22

loss of water only

Question 23

Hydro/chloro/thia/zide

Ther Class?

Pharm Class?

What does it do?

Answer 23

Hydro/chloro/thia/zide

Ther Class antihypertensive and diuretics

Pharm Class? thiazide diuretics

What does it do? excrete Na and water, promotes excretion of Cl, K, Mg, Mg

may produce vasodilation

Question 24

hyponatrimia s/s (mental status?)

Answer 24

low sodium often causes decrease mental status and fatigue

Question 25

can low Ca levels cause heart dyrhythmas?

Answer 25

yes

Question 26

Is Mg in spinach?

Answer 26

yes