ATI Pharm 2013B Flashcards
Allopurinol
antigout agent
How does allopurinol interact with warfarin?
increases the effects of warfarin by decreasing metabolism. Serious or life-threatening. Risk for bleeding!
Timolol
beta blocker to treat glaucoma, contraindicated if patient has bradycardia.
Isosobide mononitrate (monoket)
nitrate, treat angina
tranylcypromine (parnate)
antidepressant, can cause orthostatic hypotension
what does dopamine do for a patient in shock state?
increase blood pressure, it is a catecholamine
What drug reverses heparin toxicity?
protamine sulfate
What drug reverses cholinergic toxicity?
atropine sulfate
What drug reverses benzodiazapine toxicity?
flumazenil (romazicon)
What drug reverses opioid toxicity?
Narcan (naloxone)
Methotrexate s/e
stomatitis, sores in the mouth
what does lactobacillus acidophilus (Lactinex) do?
replace normal flora in the intestines
contraindication to Ciprofloxacin (cipro)
Tnedonitis, can exacerbate. have risk of tendon rupture.
Brand name for albuterol
Proventil
how does prednisone, a glucocorticoid, affect vaccines?
should not get vaccine while taking it b/c it reduces antibody responses and increases risk of infection from live virus vaccines
what does Pilocarpine treat and how long is treatment?
tx glaucoma, have to take rest of life.
spironolactone
K-sparing diuretic, watch for s/s of hyperkalemia (lethargy)
What class is enalapril (vasotec) ?
ACE inhibitor that retains potassium, monitor K w/ spironolactone
How do you administer EpiPen?
IM, massage 10 sec afterwards to promote absorption
what drug class is amoxicillin (Augmentin)?
penicillin
what class is cyclosporine?
immunosuppressant that can cause nephrotoxicity
Acetaminophen overdose
more than 4000 mg / day
what may zidovudine (Retrovir) cause?
severe anemia, monitor hgb
Pt who is allergic to penicillin should also not take what drugs?
cephalosporins. pt can have cross-reactivity; rare but life-threatening
why do cancer patients take pegfilgrastim (Neulasta)?
increase WBC count
what is an adverse effect of methylphenidate (Ritalin)?
weight loss due to appetite suppression
A pt with RA taking Prednisone long term should be assessed for what?
edema. causes sodium and fluid retention.
what is adv effect of gentamicin antibiotic?
permanent hearing loss
If a pt is taking ACE inhibitor (lisinoPRIL) what must nurse monitor for, and pt must stop the drug?
dry cough. it is from buildup of bradykinin
when a person administers a nitroglycerin patch to self, when should BP be assessed?
1 hour after application.
Mannitol
diuretic for cerebral edema, can decrease intraocular pressure
epoetin alfa (Procrit)
stimulates bone marrow production of RBC, so monitor if Hgb increases
what can bilateral crackles in the lungs indicate?
reduced CO and heart failure
when should oxytocin be discontinued?
when uterine contractions persist for 60 sec or longer, and if closer than every 2-3 min
therapeutic INR range for warfarin?
2-3 INR. 3-4.5 is for pt with recurrent systemic embolism
what should a pt do after taking risedronate (Actonel)?
sit up for 30-60 min to reduce adverse GI effects of esophagitis and dyspepsia
What should a pt on lithium avoid?
NSAIDs, they increase lithium levels
what food allergy puts pt at risk for allergic rxn to contrast medium?
shrimp, shellfish
what anticholinergic effect does amitriptyline have?
urinary retention
