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ATI Pharm > ATI Pharm 2013A > Flashcards

ATI Pharm 2013A Flashcards

1
Q

Mannitol is given for acute angle closure glaucoma. What adverse effect must you watch?

A

Peripheral edema! Greatest risk to a pt taking mannitol IV is heart failure.

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2
Q

What is sucralfate used for?

A

Peptic ulcer dz. It is a mucosal protectant. Forms gel-like substand to coat ulcer and protect from stomach acid.

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3
Q

What do antacids do?

A

Neutralize acids in stomach.

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4
Q

What do H2 receptor antagonists do?

A

decrease stomach acids secretion

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5
Q

How does morphine affect the bladder?

A

increases sphincter and detrusor muscle tone, dulls ability to tell if bladder full–watch for urinary retention!

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6
Q

How does morphine affect the heart, temperature and pupils?

A

bradycardia, hypothermia, pupil constriction

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7
Q

Which insulin should not be mixed with others?

A

glargine (lantus)

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8
Q

Why may glargine be preferable?

A

it does not cause insulin peaks; maintains stead blood level over 24hr period. Reduce risk of hypoglycemia.

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9
Q

Acetazolamide (Diamox Sequels) is given for chronic open angle glaucoma. What is an adverse effect that should be monitored?

A

Paresthesia, tingling in the extremities. (Could cause hyperglycemia too.)

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10
Q

Long-term use of glucocorticoids could cause what?

A

osteoporosis. So important to monitor with bone density scans.

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11
Q

What does polystryrene (kayexalate) treat?

A

hyperkalemia

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12
Q

Enalapril (Vasotec) can cause what electrolyte imbalance?

A

hyperkalemia, cause kidney’s to retain

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13
Q

What is an early stage sign of salicylate poisoning (from ASA)?

A

hyperventilation, respiratory alkalosis

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14
Q

when documenting administration of fluids, what info should be provided?

A

amount of fluid, how long it took to infuse, pt’s physical status

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15
Q

Signs of magnesium toxicity? (given for preterm labor)

A

depressed DTR, decreased BP and LOC, lethargy

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16
Q

Tamoxifen is an anti-estrogen for breast cancer. What are expected adverse effects?

A

menstrual irregularities, hot flashes, bruising

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17
Q

What is Graves’ dz?

A

hyperthyroidism which increases appetite, cause insomnia, and inability to focus

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18
Q

Fluoxetine (Prozac) can increase risk of bleeding if taken with what?

A

NSAIDs and anticoagulants b/c fluoxetine suppresses platelet aggregation

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19
Q

Pt teaching with Prozac?

A

Do not abruptly stop taking it, do not take St. John’s Wort (it will increase risk of serotonin syndrome)

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20
Q

What are s/e of anticholinergics like benztropine (Cogentin)?

A

urinary retention, constipation, tachycardia

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21
Q

What drug is given for acute asthma?

A

Albuterol (Proventil)–it is short acting beta2 agonist–cause bronchodilation

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22
Q

Which drug provides L-T asthma control and prevents exercise induced asthma?

A

Montelukast (Singulair)

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23
Q

What does metronidazole (Flagyl) treat?

A

bacterial infections

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24
Q

What should Flagyl not be taken with?

A

alcohol! can cause disulfiram-like rxn–vomit, hypotension, weakness

25
Q

What are signs of an allergic rxn?

A

urticaria, dypsnea, anxiety, hypotension

26
Q

What do you give for allergic rxn?

A

Parenteral epinephrine

27
Q

How should ferrous sulfate be taken?

A

Iron should be taken on empty stomach for best absorption. (Antacids reduce absorption, and stools may be black, it’s normal)

28
Q

What does levothyroxine treat?

A

hypothyroidism

29
Q

What should be checked to determine thyroid function?

A

TSH

30
Q

When should ergotamine (Ergostat) be taken?

A

at the onset of migraine, only 3 SL tablets in 24 hours.

31
Q

What does phenytoin (Dilantin) cause?

A

gingival hyperplasia (gum overgrowth)

32
Q

What is the therapeutic level of Dilantin/phenyltoin?

A

10-20 mcg/mL
Less than 10 –> seizures
More than 20–> toxic

33
Q

What is sign of digoxin toxicity?

A

yellow-tinged vision

34
Q

What is a s/e of Ca-channel blocker that should be reported to provider?

A

pedal edema

35
Q

If pt is allergic to penicillin, what else should he not take?

A

cephalosporins. ex) CEFtazidime (Fortaz)

36
Q

What class is indomethacin?

A

NSAID for pain. Adverse effects are dizzy, vertigo, muscle weakness, N/V, anorexia–> weight loss

37
Q

A spacer used with fluticasone for chronic asthma prevents what?

A

candidiasis of the mouth

38
Q

How do decongestants work?

A

sympathomimetics contrict blood vessels. (and increase HR)

39
Q

S/E of anticholinergics

A

dry mouth, constipation, blurred vision, photophobia, tachycardia

40
Q

What class is methotrexate?

A

immunosuppressant, so watch for signs of infection like fever or sore throat

41
Q

What class is donepezil (Aricept)?

A

anticholinesterase inhibitor, raise levels of ACH

42
Q

How does baclofen (Lioresal) help seizure pts?

A

decreases the frequency and severity of muscle spasms, allowing for improved muscle function

43
Q

Whey would you give chlordiazepoxide to pt experiencing acute alcohol w/d?

A

prevent delirium tremens

44
Q

What is akathisia?

A

unpleasant sensations of inner restlessness that manifests itself with an inability to sit still or remain motionless–can be extrapyramidal symptom

45
Q

What is adverse effect of haldol?

A

akathisia (even though it sedates a person?)

46
Q

What is metoclopramide (Reglan) given for?

A

GERD, affects CNS and can cause sedation

47
Q

What is Salmeterol?

A

long acting bronchodilator that prevent bronchospasm and improves breathing

48
Q

When giving epoetin alfa (procrit), what s/b monitored?

A

increased BP b/c if Hct rises too quick, HTN and seizures could result.

49
Q

What class is verapamil (Calan) and what does it treat?

A

Ca-blocker, htn. Tell pt to change positions slowly b/c it can cause orthostatic hypotension.

50
Q

What is an adverse effect of taking statins?

A

mild injury causing muscle aches or weakness, so check CK (creatinine kinase) levels

51
Q

What class is oprelvekin (neumega)?

A

thrombopoietic growth factor, given for mgmt of chemo adv effects. monitor platelet count.

52
Q

What class is carbamazepine (tegretol)?

A

antieptileptic, reduces effects of oral contraceptives

53
Q

What is an adverse rxn that should be reported to provider for patient taking Bactrim DS?

A

vescicular, crusty rash which is a sign of Stevens-Johnson syndrome

54
Q

Which drug can cause C-diff associated diarrhea?

A

clindamycin (Cleocin)–it will be watery diarrhea

55
Q

What should the pt monitor and report to provider when taking valproic acid (Depakote)?

A

jaundice b/c it can cause liver failure

56
Q

What is ototoxicity?

A

ear poisoning

57
Q

What can overdose of ASA cause?

A

Tinnitus

58
Q

What may indicate heparin induced thrombocytopenia?

A

platelets less than 100,000/mm3

59
Q

What can neostigmine cause?

A

nausea, bradycardia, salivation

ATI Pharm (2 decks)

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