Atherosclerosis

Question 1

Pathogenesis of atherosclerotic plaques

Answer 1

Endothelial damage
Protective response, production of CAMs
Monocytes et T Lymphocytes attach to sticky endothelial cell surface
Migrate through arterial wall to subendothelial space
Macrophages take up oxidised LDL-CN
Lipid rich foam cells
Fatty streak et plaque

Question 2

Classification of lipoproteins

Answer 2

Based on density:

Chylomicrons
Very low density lipoprotein (VLDL)
Intermediate density lipoprotein (IDL)
Low density lipoprotein(LDL)
High density lipoprotein (HDL)

Question 3

Relation between HDL and truglycerides

Answer 3

HDL tends to be low, when triglycerides are high.

Question 4

Actions of statins

Answer 4

Improves endothelial dysfunction
Increases Nitric Oxide bioavailability
Antioxidant
Inhibits inflammatory responses
Stabilisation of atherosclerotic plaques.

Question 5

Mechanism of action of statins in 1 line

Answer 5

Statins inhibit the action of HMG-CoA reductas, thus preventing conversion of HMG-CoA to Mevalonic acid.

Question 6

Hypertension treatment NICE guidelines

Answer 6

A, C and D drugs. Look up NICE plan