atherosclerosis Flashcards
promotes production of nitric oxide
normal and constant shear and pressure
low shear can promote _____
artherosclerosis
normal shear stimulates ______
nitric oxide production
nitric oxide purpose
vasodilator/ helps regulate BP
how does vascular branching promote atherosclerosis?
disrupts laminar flow resulting in areas of low shear
most common sites of atherosclerosis
abdominal aorta coronary arteries thoracic aorta femoral and popliteal arteries carotid arteries vertebral arteries
promotes aneurysm formation and rupture
High wall tension
Law of Laplace
Tension= pressure x radius / wall thickness
Tension is increased by _____
pressure and radius
Tension is decreased by _____
wall thickness
large arteries have _____ walls compared to veins of similar size
thicker
Stiffening of the arteries (aging) increases_____
systolic pressure
Stiffening of the arteries decreases _______
diastolic pressure/flow
shear stress is highest in _____
arterial walls
cross sectional area is highest in ______
capillaries
flow velocity is lowest in ________
capillaries
Flow velocity is highest in
large arteries and veins with small cross sectional area
hyperglycemia and dyslipidemia: contributes to atherosclerosis risk
Diabetes
arterioles are the sites of greatest ______
resistance
MAP drops lowest at the _____
arterioles
what happens to pressure when arterioles are constricted?
Artery pressure goes up
capillary pressure goes down
