atheroscelrosis Flashcards
what is one of the most common causes of death in scotland?
cardiovascular disease- atherosclerosis
what is the most common cause of cardiovascular disease in the developing world?
atherosclerosis
is atherosclerosis a multi-system disorder?
YES
how does atherosclerosis affect the brain?
causes cerebral vascular disease leading to a stroke (cerebral infarction)
how does atherosclerosis affect the heart?
affects coronary arteries- causing ischemic heart disease (little blood/oxygen to cardiac muscle) and myocardial infarction (no blood/oxygen to cardiac muscle)
how does atherosclerosis affect the aorta?
causes abdominal aneurysm
how does atherosclerosis affect the kidneys?
causes renal vascular disease
how does atherosclerosis affect the gut?
causes mesenteric ischemia (abdominal pain after eating)
how does atherosclerosis affect the legs?
causes peripheral vascular disease- leading to claudication in legs (pain in calves when walking due to little blood supply to legs)
describe the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis.
- progresses overtime
-damage to inner lining of endothelium
-chronic inflammation
-formation of atherosclerotic plaque due to accumulation of fats/platelets/cholesterol and fibrous tissue
-causing narrowing of lumen= reduced blood/oxygen to tissues- leading to ischemic symptoms
what are the symptoms of ischemic heart disease?
angina- chest pain as not enough o2 to cardiac muscle
- stable- chest pain on exertion
-unstable- chest pain at rest
what are the symptoms of peripheral vascular disease?
claudication in calves when walking
what are the symptoms of mesenteric ischemia (in gut) ?
abdominal pain after eating
what happens when plaque ruptures?
-platelets accumulate
-thrombus forms over plaque (blood clot)
-artery blocked
-leads of symptoms of infarction (tissue death)
how does plaque rupture affect the heart, brain, legs and gut?
heart- myocardial infarction
brain- cerebral infarction (stroke)
legs- acute gangrene
gut- mesenteric infarction