Athens Temple Flashcards
What did temples allow?
Everyday people to speak to the gods
The Pythia at Delphi?
Was a woman - the Oracle
What did temples get?
Money
What were temples?
Homes to the gods
What else did temples allow?
Offerings to heroes
What happened in a temple?
The temenos (main building); spring/grove/cave outside; only priests and priestesses allowed inside the temenos; important groups were encouraged to take care of temple (important job); festivals; meat at festivals.
What were given as offerings?
Animals; statues of young men (kouroi) and women (korai) were dedicated to deities as evidence of piety/personal stuff; gold;
Different types of columns, in order?
Doric (lines); Ionic (curvy); Corinthian (elaborate)
Temple layout?
3 steps up; peristyle (perimeter); pronaos at the back; cella/naos on inside; statues at the back; columns in antis; symmetrical; opisthodomos (fake porch for balance); times the tops by 2 and add 1 to make the sides.
Column layout?
Base, shaft, capital
What way did the temples face?
East to west so the priests could perform tasks facing east (where sun rose)
What happened to the statue?
It was fed, clothed, sacrificed to, paraded around and worshipped
What were statues typically made of?
Wood/stone
Each god had?
1 day of worship
Cthonic means…
…earth!
What was the frieze?
The mural around the top of the temple
Sacrifice?
The eternal hearth only out if a bad thing happened; purchase bull; prepare the ribbons on head and paint horns; lead to temple by owner, handmaiden with a basket of barley and a knife underneath, a flute player; dress in handmade garlands; drop water on head and if nod it accepts its fate; priest says prayer, takes knife, walks behind animal, other person clubs animal round head, priest slits throat
What happens to the animal pieces?
Blood drenched over alter after collected in a bowl; meat carved in 3 ways: 1, thigh bones wrapped in fat and burned on altar - smoke nourished gods; 2, stomach slit, entrails fall out - priest interprets message; 3, rest of meat boiled in vats - shared with everyone, no one really got meat before
