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ABP201 - Civil Works > AT55 - Sitework > Flashcards

AT55 - Sitework Flashcards

Learn architectural terms relating to Sitework.

1
Q

Work done at a site in preparation for a construction project, such as excavation, sheeting, shoring, and grading.

A

SITEWORK

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2
Q

Four examples of sitework which is work done at a site in preparation for a construction project.

A

EXCAVATION, SHEETING, SHORING, and GRADING

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3
Q

The geographic location of a construction project, usually defined by legal boundaries.

A

SITE

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4
Q

One of the legally defined and recorded boundaries of a parcel of land.

A

LOT LINE or PROPERTY LINE

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5
Q

A legal right held by specified persons or the public to make limited use of the land of another, such us a right-of-way.

A

EASEMENT

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6
Q

The unauthorized extension of a building, or part thereof, on the property or domain of another.

A

ENCROACHMENT

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7
Q

The minimum required distance from every structure to the property lines of a lot, established by a zoning ordinance to provide for air, light, solar access, fire separation, and privacy.

A

SETBACK

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8
Q

Five things that setbacks aim to provide through a zoning ordinance that requires a minimum required distance from every structure to the property lines of a lot known as setback.

A

AIR, LIGHT, SOLAR ACCESS, FIRE SEPARATION, and PRIVACY

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9
Q

The primary means by which setback which is the minimum required distance from every structure to the property lines of a lot for the purpose of air, light, solar access, fire separation, and privacy.

A

ZONING ORDINANCE

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10
Q

A depression in a curb providing vehicular access from a street a driveway on private property.

A

CURB CUT

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11
Q

A perimeter line established on the drawings or elsewhere in the contract documents defining the boundaries of the site available to the contractor for construction purposes.

A

CONTRACT LIMIT

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12
Q

Waste earth and rock overlying a useful mineral deposit, bedrock, or a deposit of sand, gravel, or rock needed for construction.

A

BURDEN or OVERBURDEN

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13
Q

A small pit dug to examine the existing soil conditions and determine the depth of the water table at a proposed building site.

A

TEST PIT

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14
Q

The act or ceremony of breaking ground for a new construction project.

A

GROUNDBREAKING

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15
Q

The excavation and embankment of earth in connection with an engineering operation.

A

EARTHWORK

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16
Q

The digging and removal of earth from its natural position, or the cavity resulting from such removal.

A

EXCAVATION

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17
Q

One of a number of boards set horizontally with vertical stakes to support the strings outlining the foundation plan of a proposed building.

A

BATTER BOARD

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18
Q

A steel rod attached to a deadman, a rigid foundation, or a rock or soil anchor to prevent lateral movement of a retaining wall or formwork.

A

TIEBACK

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19
Q

Any of a number of timber, steel, or precast concrete planks driven vertically side by side to retain earth or prevent water from seeping into an excavation.

A

SHEATH PILE or SHEET PILE

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20
Q

A number of boards joined together side by side to retain the face of an excavation.

A

LAGGING

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21
Q

A steel H-section driven vertically into the ground to support horizontal sheeting or lagging.

A

SOLDIER BEAM or SOLDIER PILE

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22
Q

A system of shores for bracing or supporting a wall or other structure.

A

SHORING

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23
Q

A temporary supporting strut, especially one placed obliquely against the side of an excavation, formwork, or structure.

A

SHORE

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24
Q

Three things to which shore which is a temporary supporting strut is placed obliquely against the side for bracing or support.

A

EXCAVATION, FORMWORK, or STRUCTURE

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25
Q

An inclined shore for supporting a wall.

A

RAKER or RAKING SHORE

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26
Q

A horizontal strut fixed between and supporting two walls above ground level.

A

FLYING SHORE

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27
Q

A watertight enclosure constructed underwater or in water-bearing soil and pumped dry to allow access for construction or repairs.

A

COFFERDAM

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28
Q

A perforated pipe driven into the ground for pumping out collected ground water.

A

ABYSSINIAN WELL

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29
Q

To remove water from an excavated job site, usually by draining or pumping.

A

DEWATER

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30
Q

An unwanted flow of water and solid matter into an excavation, due to excessive outside water pressure.

A

BLOW or BOIL

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31
Q

A perforated tube driven into the ground to collect water from the surrounding area so it can be pumped away, as when lowering a water table or preventing an excavation from filling with groundwater.

A

WELLPOINT

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32
Q

A funnellike device with a pipe or tube for depositing concrete underwater.

A

TREMIE

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33
Q

A concrete wall cast in a trench to serve as sheeting and often as a permanent foundation wall.

A

SLURRY WALL

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34
Q

Four action steps in the construction of a slurry wall which is a concrete wall cast in a trench to serve as sheeting and often as a permanent foundation wall.

A

EXCAVATE TRENCH, FILL WITH BENTONITE & WATER SLURRY, SET REINFORCEMENT, and PLACE CONCRETE

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35
Q

In the construction of a slurry wall, the manner in which a trench is excavated.

A

SHORT LENGTHS

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36
Q

In the construction of a slurry wall, two components of the slurry used to fill the excavated trench to prevent the sidewalls from collapsing.

A

BENTONITE & WATER

37
Q

In the construction of a slurry wall, the purpose of filling the excavated trench with a slurry of bentonite and water.

A

PREVENT SIDEWALLS FROM COLLAPSING

38
Q

In the construction of a slurry wall, the device used to place concrete in the trench to displace the bentonite and water slurry.

A

TREMIE

39
Q

In the construction of a slurry wall, the purpose of placin concrete in the trench with a tremie, which is a funnellike device with a pipee or tube for depositing concrete underwater.

A

DISPLACE BENTONITE & WATER SLURRY

40
Q

To raise an existing grade with earth, stone, or other material, or the quantity of material used in building up the level of an area.

A

FILL

41
Q

Ground that has been raised to a higher level by filling with hard rubble, such as stone or broken brick.

A

MADE GROUND or MADE-UP GROUND

42
Q

A pit from which sand, gravel, or other construction material is taken for use as fill in another location.

A

BORROW PIT

43
Q

The cutting, filling, and shaping of earth in preparation for finish grading.

A

ROUGH GRADING

44
Q

The precise grading of an area after rough grading to prepare for paving, seeding, or planting.

A

FINE GRADING

45
Q

A stake marking the amount of cut or fill required to bring the ground to a specified level.

A

GRADE STAKE

46
Q

An excavating operation in which the excavated material is moved to another location and used as fill.

A

CUT AND FILL

47
Q

Fill material that is placed in layers, compacted, and tested after each compaction for moisture content, depth of lift, and bearing capacity before additional layers are placed.

A

CONTROLLED FILL

48
Q

A smooth parabolic curve in the vertical plane for connecting two grades of different slope in order to avoid an abrupt transition.

A

VERTICAL CURVE

49
Q

An embankment constructed across sloping ground with a steep drop on the downside.

A

BENCH TERRACE

50
Q

The ground elevation at any specific point on a construction site, especially were the ground meets the foundation of a building.

A

GRADE or GRADE LINE

51
Q

The elevation of the original ground surface before excavation or grading begins.

A

EXISTING GRADE or NATURAL GRADE

52
Q

The elevation of drives, walks, lawns, or other improved surfaces after completion of construction or grading operations.

A

FINISH GRADE or FINISHED GRADE

53
Q

Occurring or situated below the surface of the ground.

A

BELOW GRADE

54
Q

To refill an excavation with earth, stone, or other material, especially the space around exterior foundation walls.

A

BACKFILL

55
Q

The prepared earth surface upon which a pavement, concrete slab, or foundation is built. It should be stable, drain well, and be relatively free of frost action.

A

SUBGRADE

56
Q

Three characteristics that subgrade which is the prepared earth surface upon which a pavement, concrete slab, or foundation is build should have.

A

STABEL, WELL-DRAINED, and FREE OF FROST ACTION

57
Q

Three things which can be built upon a subgrade.

A

PAVEMENT, CONCRETE SLAB, or FOUNDATION

58
Q

A system of supports that enables an existing foundation to be rebuilt, strengthened, or deepened, especially the additional support required when a new excavation in adjoining property is deeper than the existing foundation.

A

UNDERPINNING

59
Q

A short beam passed through a wall as a temporary support while the foundation or part beneath is repaired, altered, or strengthened.

A

NEEDLE or NEEDLE BEAM

60
Q

Three activities which needs a needle which is a short beam passed through a wall as a temporary support for the foundation or part beneath.

A

REPAIRED, ALTERED, or STRENGTHENED

61
Q

An upright timber for supporting a dead load during the structural alteration of a building, especially one of two supports for a needle or needle beam.

A

DEAD SHORE

62
Q

The water beneath the surface of the ground that supplies wells and springs, consisting largely of surface water that has seeped down.

A

GROUNDWATER

63
Q

The process by which groundwater is absorbed into the water table.

A

RECHARGE

64
Q

The underground surface beneath which the earth is saturated with water.

A

WATER TABLE

65
Q

A water table of limited area, held above the normal water table by an impervious layer.

A

PERCHED WATER TABLE

66
Q

Something that drains or flows off, such as rain that flows off the land in streams.

A

RUNOFF

67
Q

The surface and subsurface drainage of a site in order to prevent the collection of excess surface water or groundwater.

A

SITE DRAINAGE

68
Q

The grading and surfacing of a site in order to divert rain and other surface water into natural drainage patterns or a storm sewer system.

A

SURFACE DRAINAGE

69
Q

A shallow depression formed by the intersection of two ground slopes, often designed to direct or divert the runoff of surface water.

A

SWALE

70
Q

A wall or other structure intended to eliminate or reduce percolation through porous strata.

A

CUTOFF

71
Q

A drain placed between the source of water and the area to be protected.

A

CURTAIN DRAIN or INTERCEPTING DRAIN

72
Q

A perforated pipe installed in porous fill to draw off groundwater.

A

UNDERDRAIN

73
Q

A drainage trench filled to ground level with loose stones or rock fragments.

A

FRENCH DRAIN

74
Q

A drain or channel passing under a road or sidewalk.

A

CULVERT

75
Q

A reinforced concrete culvert having a rectangular cross-section.

A

BOX CULVERT

76
Q

A concrete or masonry retaining wall at the inlet of a drain or culvert.

A

HEADWALL

77
Q

A concrete or masonry retaining wall at the outlet of a drain or culvert.

A

ENDWALL

78
Q

An underground network of piping for conveying groundwater to a point of disposal, such as a storm sewer system.

A

SUBSURFACE DRAINAGE

79
Q

Reduces the load-carrying capacity of a foundation soil and increases the hydrostatic pressure on a building foundation.

A

EXCESS GROUNDWATER

80
Q

Two problems that excess groundwater has on a building such that it requires subsurface drainage to convey it to a point of disposal, such as a storm sewer system.

A

REDUCE LOAD-CARRYING CAPACITY OF SOIL and INCREASE HYDROSTATIC PRESSURE ON FOUNDATION

81
Q

A drain for collecting surface water or rainwater from a basement floor or paved area.

A

AREA DRAIN

82
Q

A drainage pit lined with gravel or rubble to receive surface water and allow it to percolate away to absorbent earth underground.

A

ABSORBING WELL or DRY WELL

83
Q

A covered hole through which a person may enter a sewer or drain.

A

MANHOLE

84
Q

A receptacle for the runoff of surface water, having a basin that retains heavy sediment before it can pass into an underground drainpipe.

A

CATCH BASIN

85
Q

A building drain for conveying rainwater, groundwater, or similar discharge to a building storm sewer or a combined sewer.

A

BUILDING STORM DRAIN or HOUSE STORM DRAIN

86
Q

A drain connecting a building storm drain to a storm sewer, combined sewer, or other point of disposal.

A

BUILDING STORM SEWER or HOUSE STORM SEWER

87
Q

A sewer for conveying rainfall drained from roofs and paved surfaces.

A

STORM DRAIN or STORM SEWER

88
Q

A sewer conveying both sewage and rainfall drained from roofs and paved surfaces.

A

COMBINED SEWER

ABP201 - Civil Works (4 decks)

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