Asymmetry Flashcards
the face is _____ totally symmetrical
totally
severe asymmetric development of the jaws to cause a problem is:
relatively rare
what is one of the most critical aspects in orthodontic diagnosis
a patient’s frontal symmetry evaluation
even the most esthetic faces are associated with:
mild forms of facial asymmetry
the individuals seeking ortho tx are often associated with:
facial asymmetries that may be greater than the acceptable norms
facial asymmetries are _____ prevalent in ortho pts
more
what are the classifications of facial asymmetries
- skeletal asymmetries
- functional asymmetries
- soft tissue asymmetries
what is a type of mandibular deviation
hyperplastic mandible
what is the etiology of mandibular asymmetries
- prenatal causes
- genetic: facial cleft syndromes - unilateral cleft lip- cleft palate
- congenital
- post natal causes
- environmental
what are the congenital causes of mandibular asymmetry
-hemi-facial microsomia
- neurofibromatosis
- birth trauma
- intra- uterine pressure during pregnancy
what are the environmental causes of mandibular asymmetry
- trauma and infection
- muscle dysfunction
- functional deviations
- TMJ derangements
- hemi mandibular hypertrophy
- pathologies
how are asymmetries diagnosed
- medical hx
- clinical exam: intra oral and extra oral exam
- para clinical exam: radiographs, photographic analysis, digital videography, articulated study models
what is evaluated in the extra oral eval
- frontal
- vertical
- sub-mento vertex
- the pupils are assessed for level with the horizon
- if level then use as horizontal reference line- inter pupillary plane
how do you dx hyperplastic ocndyle
CBCT scans
what is examined in intra oral exam
- functional exam: maximal opening, postural rest position, CR-CO discrpepancy, motor and sensory eval
- eval of dental midlines
- unilateral cross bites
- vertical occlusal evaluation
- transverse cant of maxilla
what is centric relation
a musculoskeletal stable position with the condyles forward as far upward as possible, centered transversely and with the articular disc properly interposed
what is centric occlusion and what is another name for it
- maximum intercuspation
- a dental determined position, tooth morphology and position are the primary influences determining the mandibular position and movements. the condylar position is strongly determined by the dental contacts and intercuspation through muscles and ligaments
what is non functional considered
- no Cr-Co shift
- there is a dental or skeletal asymmetry
what is the importance of radiographic exam
taking an accurate radiograph is crucial as the head position is an important factor in radiographic assessment
we can use different radiographs to evaluate asymmetry such as:
- lateral ceph
- panoramic radiograph
- sub mento vertex view
- CBCT
which is the best radiograph for dx
CBCT
lower dental midlines will usually have an effect on:
the occlusion
asymmetric occlusion =
asymmetric mechanics
what is used to correct or improve the developing inbalance
orthopedic appliances and orthodontics
- hybrid functional appliances
- distraction osteogenesis
