ASWB PRACTICE QUIZ Flashcards
A defense mechanism in which anxiety or emotional conflict is transformed into overt physical manifestations or symptoms such as pain, loss of feeling, or paralysis
Conversion
An internal experience of emotional change and distress; precipitated by a perceived life problem resulting in internal discord because the individual’s typical coping strategies are inadequate
Crisis
A mental mechanism in which the individual derives feelings from another person or object and directs them internally to an imagined form of the object or person
Introjection
The advantages or benefits one derives from a physical or mental illness, such as attention, freedom from responsibility, and disability benefits
Secondary Gain
The process of distinguishing between similar mental disorders or social problems on the basis of their compared and unique characteristics
Differential Diagnosis
Conscious or unconscious avoidance behavior used by the client to protect oneself from the influence of the social worker
Resistance
A mental process that protects an individual from anxiety, feelings of guilt, or unacceptable thoughts
Defense Mechanisms
A principle of ethics according to which the social worker
or other professional may not disclose information about a client
without a client’s consent; In specific circumstances, such as threats of violence, commission of crimes, and suspected child abuse, the social worker may be compelled by law to reveal to designated authorities some information.
Confidentiality
The appearance of apathy in mood, sometimes seen as a symptom of schizophrenia or depression
Flat Affect
The social work process of temporarily considering a client’s interconnected problems as separate entities so that work toward their solution can be more manageable
Partialization
The progression of physical and mental changes occurring over time that result in clusters of identifiable and predictable characteristics tending to occur during specific periods
Developmental Stages
The emotional and physical reaction to loss of a loved one
Bereavement
Often indicates the actions of one who facilitates the dysfunctional behavior of another
Enabler
Presenting in logical terms or interpreting the reasons for some action or events; is also used as a defense mechanism in which a person explains or justifies an action or thought to make it acceptable when it is unacceptable at a deeper psychological level
Rationalization
A defense mechanism in which the person behaves or thinks in ways or assumes values that are the opposite of the original unconscious trait
Reaction Formation
An ethical principal in social work that recognizes the rights and needs of clients to be free to make their own choices and decisions; includes helping the client know what the resources and choices are and helping the client implement the decision made
Self-determination
The process that takes place between two or more people to end conflict; This is usually achieved by clarifying mutual expectations.
Role Re-equilibration
Reduced or minimal motor movement
Akinesia
A sustained pattern of fidgety movements, such as swinging of the legs, rocking, tapping the feet or hands, pacing, and being unable to remain in a position for long
Akathisia
Sustained abnormal postures or muscle spasms, symptomatic of mental disorders
Dystonia
A diagram of family relationships used to depict a variety of reciprocal influences between the client and those people related to the client, relevant social institutions, and environmental influen
Ecomap
A diagram often used in family therapy to depict family relationships extended over at least three generations
Genogram
A central concept in family systems theories pertaining to the implicit rules that determine how the family members or subsystems are expected to relate to one another and to nonfamily members
Boundary
The treatment process and other activities to solve or prevent problems or achieve goals
Intervention
he customs, beliefs, standards of conduct, and principles considered desirable by a culture, a group of people, or an individual
Values
Actions intended to control and often exploit the thoughts, feelings, or responses of others; may be intentional or unconscious
Manipulative Behaviors
The social work process of directing a client to an agency, resources, or a professional known to be able to provide a needed service
Referral
An interpersonal relationship between an individual or organization possessing special expertise and someone who needs that expertise to solve a specific problem
Consultation
The process of determining the nature, cause, progression, and prognosis of a problem
Assessment
In the social work interview, the state of harmony, compatibility, and empathy that permits mutual understanding and a working relationship between the client and the social worker
Rapport
Theidentificationofcoexistentdiseaseswithinanindividual; This is most commonly associated with a problem with drugs or alcohol and another psychiatric disorder.
Dual Diagnosis
Pertaining to the biological aspects of an individual; This is most commonly used to distinguish between physiological and psychosocial problems.
Organic
The defense mechanism that protects the personality from anxiety or guilt by disavowing or ignoring unacceptable thoughts, emotions, or wishes
Denial
The unethical practice of assuming a second role with the client in addition to professional helper, such as friend, business associate, family member, or sex partner
Dual Relationship
A state of reliance on other people or things for existence or support, nurturance, protection, security, and shelter
Dependency
A legal document ordering an individual to appear in court at a certain time; Failure to comply may result in some penalty.
Subpoena
_______________A tendency to develop a trait or attribute under the right circumstance
Predisposition
A reciprocal process between the individual and the environment, often involving changing the environment or being changed by it
adaptation
A strong and repetitive urge to act in a certain way ;frequently a means of relieving anxiety
compulsion
Effective behavior an individual uses in responding to or avoiding sources of stress
coping skills
Compulsive stealing; The theft is often motivated by emotional release, excitement, or gratification and not by the need for the object or its material value.
Kleptomania
Abrupt shifts and excessive variation in an individual’s expression of affect
Labile Affect
A pattern of behavior frequently seen in victims of spouse abuse and child abuse, in which the individual responds passively to risks of harm
Learned Helplessness
A compelling wish or drive that is out of an individuals immediate awareness but that influences him or her to act in a way that would seem contrary to his or her rational objectives
Unconscious Motivation
The individual’s capacity for logical thinking, intelligence, perceptiveness, and self-control over impulses to achieve immediate gratification
Ego Strengths
The premise and understanding between therapist and client that the information revealed by the client will not be divulged to others without expressed permission; Courts often honor this unless there is a risk of public danger or threat to the public good.
Privilege
Traits of personality, thought, behavior, and values that are incorporated by the individual who considers them acceptable and consistent with his or her overall “true” self.
Ego Syntonic
A set of conscious or unconscious emotional reactions to a client experienced by a therapist; These feelings usually originate in the therapist’s own developmental conflicts or past.
Countertransference
A medication-induced movement disorder that includes uncontrollable physical movements, especially in the face, lips, and tongue, and sometimes repetitive movements of the head, hands, and feet
Tardive dyskinesia
In behavior modification, the strengthening of a response through the removal of adverse stimuli
Negative Reinforcement
The act of perceiving, understanding, experiencing, and responding to the emotional state and ideas of another person.
Empathy
In behavior modification, the elimination or weakening of a conditioned response by discontinuing the reinforcement after the response occurs
Extinction
A concept that refers to emotional reactions that are assigned to current relationships but originated in earlier experiences (often the feelings a client has toward a therapist)
Transference
In behavior modification, a procedure that strengthens the tendency of a response to recur
Reinforcement
The granting of permission by the client to the therapist or agency to use specific interventions, including diagnosis, treatment, follow up, and research; This must be based on full disclosure of the facts needed to make the decision, including risks, benefits, and alternatives.
Informed Consent
A penalty imposed for misbehavior in behavior modification; the presentation of an unpleasant or undesired event following a behavior
Punishment
A defense mechanism in which unacceptable aspects of one’s own personality are rejected or attributed to another person or entity
Projection
Strengthening a desired behavior or response by presenting a desired stimulus contingent on performance of the response
Positive Reinforcement
A phenomenon in groups in which members settle on a particular person to target or blame, though that person is often innocent; prevents true group cohesion and distracts from the actual group purpose
Scapegoating
An administrative and educational process used to help someone further develop and refine his or skills, enhance staff morale, and provide quality assurance for clients.
Supervision
The process of helping individuals, families, groups, and communities increase their strengths and develop influence toward improving their circumstances.
Empowerment
Traits of personality, behavior, thought, or orientation considered to be unacceptable, repugnant, or inconsistent with the individual’s perceptions—conscious or unconscious—of himself or herself.
Ego Dystonic
The process in which one individual who feels pressured, distressed, or powerless in relating to another individual brings into the relationship a third person to act as an ally or a distracter
Triangulation
The process in which one individual who feels pressured, distressed, or powerless in relating to another individual brings into the relationship a third person to act as an ally or a distracter
Enmeshment
Process by which content is separated from repressed affect
Interllectualization
A man attends anger management classes but states that he doesn’t have a problem.
Denial
“I didn’t have time to go to the gym because I had to make dinner for my kids.”
Rationalization
Characterized by rigor and self-denial
Asceticism
“I’m afraid of snakes, but I’m not sure why.”
Repression
Unacceptable feelings are expressed as their opposite.
Reaction Formation
Using plausible reasons to justify an action or opinion
Rationalization
A woman decides to become a psychologist because her
mom is one.
Identification
Refusing to let into awareness unacceptable thoughts, feelings, emotions
Repression
A college student won’t eat or sleep until all his work is done.
Asceticism
When affect is transferred from one object to another
Displacement
A woman recently diagnosed with depression focuses on learning about the symptoms of depression instead of
expressing her feelings.
Intellectualization
Process by which qualities of an external object are absorbed into one’s personality
Identification
A boy is interested in a girl but acts aloof and disinterested when around her.
Reaction Formation
_A father who lost his job finds himself yelling at his kids more often.
Displacement
The “taking in” or “swallowing whole” a characteristic or trait of another person or outside
events.
Introjection / Internalization
Placing unacceptable impulses from one person to another
Projection
Displacing unacceptable instincts for constructive and socially acceptable behaviors
Sublimation
Process by which we avoid being punished for undesirable thoughts or actions
Undoing
“I’m going to stand up to the bully by being strong like my Dad.”
Introjection/Internalization
A man with a lot of aggressive energy becomes a professional rugby player.
Sublimation
A woman is unfaithful but accuses her husband of cheating on her.
Projection
A teenager gets into a loud argument with his parents but then cleans up his room without being asked.
Undoing
Distorting reality and not acknowledging emotions or events
Denial
A 2-year-old boy has control over personal and physical skills and a sense of independence.
Autonomy vs Shame and Doubt
A 4-year-old boy says, “Mom must like grilled cheese because I like grilled cheese.”
Preoperational Stage
Failure of this stage, after age 65, results in little connection to others and a sense of uselessness.
Generativity vs Stagnation
A 12-year-old boy can think hypothetically and use logic to problem-solve.
Formal Operational Stage
This stage forms the foundation for the rest of development by creating a sense of security between the
infant and caregiver.
Trust Vs Mistrust
A 20 year old is forming relationships with others, which is important in this stage.
Intimacy vs isolation
A peer group is important in this stage to develop a 12- year-old child’s self-esteem.
industry vs inferiority
A 3-year-old child thinks the sidewalk is mad at him because it made him fall.
Preoperational Stage
A 50-year-old woman states, “I feel really stable in my career.”
Generativity vs Stagnation
A 13-year-old girl can think about abstract concepts.
Formal Operational Stage
Failure of this stage, after age18 months, can result in wariness or a dependency on others.
Trust Vs Mistrust
A 10-year-old child can look at multiple aspects of a problem in order to solve it.
Concrete Operation Stage
Failure of this stage, after age 3, results in feeling hesitant of one’s own abilities.
Autonomy vs Shame and Doubt
A 10-month-old child recognizes that certain events cause other events.
Sensorimotor Stage
Failure of this stage, after age 6, can result in feelings of self-blame and difficulties setting future goals.
Initiative vs guilt
A 16 year old asks the question, “Who am I?”
identity vs Role Confusion
A 7-year-old child can put sticks in order by height.
Concrete Operational Stage
A 75-year-old man states, “I feel accomplished with the
life that I have lived.”
Ego Integrity vs Despair
Failure of this stage, after age 18, results in a weakened sense of self.
Identity vs Role Confusion
A 9-month-old child searches for a toy underneath a blanket.
Sensorimotor Stage
The psychosocial task of a 5 year old during this stage is to set goals without infringing on others rights.
Initiative vs Guilt
Failure of this stage, after age 40, leads to feeling lonely and excluded.
Intimacy vs isolation
A 6-year-old child feels a sense of pride and competence by beginning school.
Industry vs inferiority
An 80-year-old woman views her life as unproductive or with many regrets resulting in feelings of hopelessness.
Ego Integrity vs. Despair
Pertaining to the cognitive, emotional, and volitional mental processes that consciously and unconsciously
motivate one’s behavior; These processes are the product of the interplay among one’s genetic and biological heritage, the sociocultural milieu, past and current realities, perceptual abilities, distortion, and one’s unique experiences and memories.
Psychodynamic
The conceptual orientation and treatment application that builds on and modifies principles of behaviorism, taking
into account some internal cognitive processes; emphasizes reciprocal relationships and the ability to learn new responses through observing and imitating others
Social Learning Theory
The social worker’s revelation of personal information, values, and behaviors to the client; This is used in limited
circumstances where it serves a therapeutic purpose or is designed to help achieve the client’s goal.
Self-disclosure
A therapeutic procedure, most commonly used in psychoanalysis and other insight therapies, in which the
professional encourages the client to express whatever thoughts or emotions come to mind without providing any distracting external cues
Free Association
Concepts, values, and techniques that emphasize people’s potential rather than their dysfunctions;
Professionals help clients achieve their positive goals by developing the therapeutic relationship and processing on the “here and now.”
Humanistic Orientation
The therapeutic practice used in helping clients experiencing emotional change and distress to promote
effective coping that can lead to positive growth and change by acknowledging the problem, recognizing its impact, and learning new or more effective behaviors for coping with similar predictable experiences
Crisis Intervention
A rehearsal of behaviors that can be useful in a subsequent situation to fulfill some expectation or achieve
some goal; also a re-experiencing of the past as one imagines being another person to elicit self-awareness and understanding of others
Role Playing
A technique primarily used in group therapy in which clients perform roles, often playing the part of themselves
in various socially stressful situations and sometimes playing the parts of their antagonists
Psychodrama
The techniques used by professionals to suggest or demonstrate desired actions or responses to a client and
then encourage the client through description, role playing, and demonstrations to behave similarly; with practice the client can then achieve the desired action outside of the professional’s office
Behavior Rehearsal/Shaping
The conclusion of the social worker-client intervention process; a systematic procedure for disengaging the
working relationship; involves evaluating the progress toward goal achievement and anticipating how to resolve future problems and find additional resources
Termination
A technique used with individuals or families to help someone understand a symptom or pattern of behavior by
seeing it in a different context; Within a family, this technique changes the understanding of the problem from an individual’s illness to a family problem.
Reframing
In systematic opinion research and clinical interviews, a form of inquiry that permits respondents to give extensive
answers
Open Ended Questions
The process of teaching clients with mental illness and their family members about the nature of the illness,
including its etiology, progression, consequences, prognosis, treatment, and alternatives.
Psychoeducation
Questions designed to encourage the client to reveal specific information concisely and factually, without
opinion, embellishment, or detail; This is often done to keep the client from digressing or providing irrelevant information.
Behavior Rehearsal / Shaping
Questions designed to encourage the client to reveal specific information concisely and factually, without
opinion, embellishment, or detail; This is often done to keep the client from digressing or providing irrelevant information.
closed ended questions
An orientation in social work and other professional practices that emphasizes the client’s resources,
capabilities, support systems, and motivations to meet challenges and overcome adversity; This emphasizes the client’s assets.
Strengths Perspective
An approach in counseling that emphasizes a warm, permissive, accepting atmosphere to encourage the client
to discuss problems freely; also called client-centered therapy; The therapist prompts and encourages the client to initiate exploration and follow ideas and feelings.
Nondirective Role
The social worker’s summary judgment as to the problem to be solved; This may include diagnostic labels,
expressions of the problem, existing assets and resources, the prognosis of the outcome, and a plan to solve the problem.
Psychosocial Assessment
A technique in which the social worker clarifies and shows the client what his or her feelings are in the
moment and encourages further expression and understanding of those feelings (often through paraphrasing)
Reflective Listening
