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Dev Psy > ASU Q3 > Flashcards

ASU Q3 Flashcards

1
Q

Life _____ is the number of years that the average person born in a particular year will probably live.

A

expectancy

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2
Q

Which of the following places has the highest ratio of centenarians?

A

Okinawa, Japan

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3
Q

The young-old are people who are between ______ years of age.

A

65-84

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4
Q

Maria is 80 years old. She is considered _____.

A

young-old

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5
Q

_____ theory states that cells can divide a maximum of about 75 to 80 times, and that as we age our cells become less capable of dividing

A

Cellular clock

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6
Q

_____ are DNA sequences that cap chromosomes.

A

Telomeres

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7
Q

The _____ theory states that aging is due to the decay of _____.

A

mitochondrial; mitochondria

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8
Q

According to a study by Coleman that compared the brains of adults at various ages, from the forties through the seventies, the:

A

growth of dendrites increased.

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9
Q

_____ are the most noticeable changes in physical appearance in late adulthood.

A

Wrinkles and age spots

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10
Q

In late adulthood:

A

both men and women get shorter.

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11
Q

Color vision declines with age due to:

A

the yellowing of the lens of the eye.

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12
Q

Gisela is suffering from a condition that involves thickening of the lenses of her eyes. This causes her vision to become cloudy or distorted. Identify the condition that Gisela is suffering from.

A

Cataracts

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13
Q

_____ involves an extensive loss of bone tissue.

A

Osteoporosis

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14
Q

The term Baltes uses to describe the “hardware” of the mind, meaning the neurophysiological architecture of the brain that was developed through evolution, is:

A

cognitive mechanics

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15
Q

Cognitive _____ declines in old age, whereas cognitive _____ appears to remain constant or improve.

A

mechanics; pragmatics

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16
Q

According to a study by Mahoney and others (2010), a lower level of _____ attention in older adults was linked to low blood pressure, which likely is related to reduced blood flow to the brain’s frontal lobes.

A

executive

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17
Q

A person’s knowledge about the world is called _____ memory.

A

semantic

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18
Q

The concept of _____ emphasizes that changes in cognitive activity patterns might result in disuse and consequent atrophy of cognitive skills.

A

“use it or lose it”

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19
Q

Alzheimer disease is a form of:

A

dementia

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20
Q

_____ refers to a progressive, irreversible brain disorder that is characterized by a gradual deterioration of memory, reasoning, language, and eventually, physical function.

A

Alzheimer disease

21
Q

Which of the following is a drug used to treat Alzheimer disease?

A

Cholinesterase inhibitors

22
Q

_____ is triggered by degeneration of dopamine-producing neurons in the brain.

A

Parkinson disease

23
Q

Elder maltreatment is primarily carried out by:

A

family members.

24
Q

Many psychotherapists prefer not to work with older patients, labeling them as:

A

QUOIDs

25
Q

Which of the following is Erikson’s eighth stage of development?

A

Integrity vs. despair

26
Q

According to Erikson, the _____ stage of development involves reflecting on the past and either piecing together a positive review or concluding that one’s life has not been well spent.

A

integrity vs. despair

27
Q

Voletta believes that older adults become more selective about their social networks as they age. She is a proponent of:

A

socioemotional selectivity theory.

28
Q

According to the socioemotional selectivity theory, individuals are motivated by two types of goals—emotional and:

A

knowledge-related.

29
Q

The model of selective optimization with compensation proposes that successful aging is related to three main factors. Which of these factors is based on the concept that, in old age, there is a reduced capacity and loss of functioning that mandate a reduction of performance in most domains of life?

A

Selection

30
Q

According to Baltes, _____ becomes relevant when life tasks require a level of capacity beyond the current level of the older adult’s performance potential.

A

compensation

31
Q

A longitudinal study of more than 1,200 individuals across seven decades revealed that a higher score on the Big Five personality factor of _____ predicted a lower risk of earlier death from childhood through late adulthood.

A

conscientiousness

32
Q

Which of the following factors has been associated with low self-esteem in late adulthood?

A

Deteriorating physical health

33
Q

_____ refers to the view that our aging society is being unfair to its younger members because older adults pile up advantages by receiving an inequitably large allocation of resources.

A

Generational inequity

34
Q

Which of the following is a recent trend in grandparenting?

a. Grandparents shifting away from the role of distant figure and toward the role of fun-seeker
b. Grandfathers assuming the role of raising grandchildren
c. Both grandparents moving in with parents to care for grandchildren
d. An increase in the number of grandparents becoming great-grandparents

A

An increase in the number of grandparents becoming great-grandparents

35
Q

Which of the following religions believes in reincarnation?

a. Orthodox Judaism
b. Buddhism
c. Methodism
d. Roman Catholicism

A

Buddhism

36
Q

A flat EEG (electroencephalogram) recording for a specified period of time is one criterion of:

A

brain death.

37
Q

Brain death occurs when:

A

all electrical activity of the brain has ceased for a specified period of time.

38
Q

An advance directive, such as a living will, must be signed when:

A

an individual is able to think clearly.

39
Q

Euthanasia is otherwise known as:

A

easy death.

40
Q

Turning off a respirator or a heart-lung machine is an example of _____ euthanasia.

A

passive

41
Q

_____ is a program committed to making the end of life as free from pain, anxiety, and depression as possible.

A

Hospice

42
Q

The type of care that is designed to reduce pain and suffering and help individuals die with dignity is known as ________ care.

A

palliative

43
Q

Older adults are more likely to die from:

A

chronic ailments.

44
Q

Most psychologists emphasize that _____ is the best strategy in discussing death with children.

A

honesty

45
Q

According to Elisabeth Kübler-Ross, which of the following is the first stage of dying?

A

Denial and isolation

46
Q

Perceptual speed shows considerable decline in late adulthood and is strongly linked with declines in:

A

working memory.

46
Q

According to Kübler-Ross, _____ is the stage of dying in which the person develops the hope that death can somehow be postponed or postponed.

A

bargaining

46
Q

What is the life expectancy in Okinawa, Japan?

A

85.4 years

47
Q

According to the cellular clock theory of aging, cells can divide a maximum of:

A

75 to 80 times.

Dev Psy (7 decks)

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