Astrophysics New Flashcards
universe
a large collection of billions of galazies
galaxy
a large collection of billions of stars
planetary system
planets and other astronomical objects orbit around a star at the centre
name of the galaxy Earth is in
Milky Way Galaxy
weight definition
the force acting on an object due to gravitational attraction
correlation between mass of a planet and its gravitational field strength
the greater its mas the greater its gravitational field strength
what does a higher gravitational field strength mean in terms of forces
large attractive force towards the centre of that planet or moon
gravitational field strength of earth
10N/kg
g of moon
1.7N/kg
g of jupiter
24.7N/kg
g of sun
293N/kg
g of saturn
10.5N/kg
g of uranus
9N/kg
g of mars
3.7N/kg
what body does a planet orbit
the sun
what body does a moon orbit
a planet
what body does a comet orbit
the sun
what body does an asteroid orbit
the sun
what body is the sun
star
what bodies do artificial satellites orbit
the Earth
what is the rule for a body orbiting another body
the small body must orbit around larger bodies
what is orbital motion a result of
gravitational force of attraction acting between two bodies
where does the gravitational force of a body act
towards the centre
similarities in the way planets orbit the sun
-orbits are all slightly elliptical
all orbit in the same plane
-all travel in the same direction around the sun
differences in the way planets orbit the sun
-orbit at different distances from the sun(orbital radius)
-they orbit at different speeds
-they all take different amounts of time to orbit the sun
how does the distance of the moon from the planet affect the time taken to complete each orbit and the speed of the orbit
-closer distance = shorter time, greater speed
orbit shape of a comet
-highly elliptical
how does the orbit speed of a comet vary
-varies greatly as distance from sun changes
-closer to the sun = increasing speed and vice versa
how does the direction and plane of a comet’s orbit differ from a planet’s orbit
direction and plane can be different
average orbital speed equation
v = 2πr/T
T = orbital period
orbital period
time taken for an object to complete one orbit
stellar evolution and cosmology not done
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