Astronomy Final Review B

Question 1

Can you name the outer planets in order of size?

Answer 1

Jupiter- Saturn- Uranus- Neptune

Question 2

What distinguishes the four large outer planets from the four small inner planets?

Answer 2

4 larger outer planets are all gas gaints

Question 3

What are the Galilean moons? How many are there? What are their names?

Answer 3

Jupiters 4 large moons

Io, uropa, ganimede, callisto

Question 4

What is special about Saturn? do other planets share this special feature also?

Answer 4

Saturn has rings that are visible.

all the gas giants have rings

Question 5

What are sunspots?

Answer 5

magnetic storms on the sun

Question 6

by what process does the sun shine?

Answer 6

hydrigen nucli fuse together form 1 helium nucleas with energy left over.

Question 7

What are neutrinos and why are they important?

Answer 7

very small sub atomic particals created by nuclear fusion.

Question 8

Describe the surface of the sun- what are some of its major features?

Answer 8

Ganauls, sun spots, flares, spicles

Question 9

how can we measure a star’s tempature here on earth?

Answer 9

red- cold
yellow- medium (our sun)
blue- hot

Question 10

What does OBAFGKM mean to you?

Answer 10

Oh Be A Fine Girl Kiss Me

classifys starts to cool O stars to a hot M stars

Question 11

What can we measure by kbnowing the period and separation distance of binary stars?

Answer 11

Mass

Question 12

On an H-R diagram, where does a star spend most of its lifetime?

Answer 12

main sequence

Question 13

what important proterty of a star determines its eventual fate?

Answer 13

mass

Question 14

what are some possible endings for a supernova?

Answer 14

nuetron star or black hole

Question 15

what force causes stars to collapse?

Answer 15

gravity

Question 16

how were the elements that make up you and me created

Answer 16

dust of exploded stars

planetiary nebulas, supernova

Question 17

what type of galaxy is the Milky Way?

Answer 17

spiral

Question 18

what happens when two galaxies collide? what does not happen?

Answer 18

Happen- extra stars are created b/c gas clouds collide (new stars)
not happen- old stars in the galaxy do not collide

Question 19

what are the three basic types of galaxies on the hubble diagram?

Answer 19

spiral (milky way), eliptical (big round), irregular(when two collide)

Question 20

is the distribution of galaxies random?

Answer 20

no

Question 21

the universe is expanding. is it accelerating or slowing down?

Answer 21

accelerating due to dark energy.

Question 22

how did we first learn about the expansion of the universe?

Answer 22

Edwin Hubble saw galaxies and the shift

Question 23

what determines the speed of the expansion of the universe?

Answer 23

the amount of dark matter, matter, and dark energy

Question 24

when did the big bang happen?

Answer 24

13.8 billion years ago

Question 25

what are some lines of evidence that the Big Bang occurred?

Answer 25

1. red shift
2. 80% hydrogen 20% helium
3. seen the light created by the big bang as cosmic background radiation.