Astronomy Final Review B Flashcards
Can you name the outer planets in order of size?
Jupiter- Saturn- Uranus- Neptune
What distinguishes the four large outer planets from the four small inner planets?
4 larger outer planets are all gas gaints
What are the Galilean moons? How many are there? What are their names?
Jupiters 4 large moons
Io, uropa, ganimede, callisto
What is special about Saturn? do other planets share this special feature also?
Saturn has rings that are visible.
all the gas giants have rings
What are sunspots?
magnetic storms on the sun
by what process does the sun shine?
hydrigen nucli fuse together form 1 helium nucleas with energy left over.
What are neutrinos and why are they important?
very small sub atomic particals created by nuclear fusion.
Describe the surface of the sun- what are some of its major features?
Ganauls, sun spots, flares, spicles
how can we measure a star’s tempature here on earth?
red- cold
yellow- medium (our sun)
blue- hot
What does OBAFGKM mean to you?
Oh Be A Fine Girl Kiss Me
classifys starts to cool O stars to a hot M stars
What can we measure by kbnowing the period and separation distance of binary stars?
Mass
On an H-R diagram, where does a star spend most of its lifetime?
main sequence
what important proterty of a star determines its eventual fate?
mass
what are some possible endings for a supernova?
nuetron star or black hole
what force causes stars to collapse?
gravity
how were the elements that make up you and me created
dust of exploded stars
planetiary nebulas, supernova
what type of galaxy is the Milky Way?
spiral
what happens when two galaxies collide? what does not happen?
Happen- extra stars are created b/c gas clouds collide (new stars)
not happen- old stars in the galaxy do not collide
what are the three basic types of galaxies on the hubble diagram?
spiral (milky way), eliptical (big round), irregular(when two collide)
is the distribution of galaxies random?
no
the universe is expanding. is it accelerating or slowing down?
accelerating due to dark energy.
how did we first learn about the expansion of the universe?
Edwin Hubble saw galaxies and the shift
what determines the speed of the expansion of the universe?
the amount of dark matter, matter, and dark energy
when did the big bang happen?
13.8 billion years ago
what are some lines of evidence that the Big Bang occurred?
- red shift
- 80% hydrogen 20% helium
- seen the light created by the big bang as cosmic background radiation.
