Astronomy Final Exam Review A

Question 1

Can you diagram a solar eclipse and a lunar eclipse?

Answer 1

Solar- moon between sun and earth

Lunar- earth between sun and moon

Question 2

What is the reason for the seasons?

Answer 2

The tilt of the earth on its axis.

Question 3

What causes the phases of the moon?

Answer 3

The relative position of the Moon, Earth, and Sun

Question 4

About what star do the heavens appear to revolve?

Answer 4

The North Star/ Polaris

Question 5

What determines the light-gathering power of a telescope?

Answer 5

The size of its front opening

Question 6

What type of telescope is the most-used by professional, refractors or reflectors?

Answer 6

Reflectors

Question 7

What types of electromagnetic radiation are employed to study the heavens?

Answer 7

Largest -> shortest

Radio waves, micro waves, inferred/ heat waves, light waves, ultra violet(UV), X-ray, gamma rays

Question 8

How does a star’s tempature affect its color?

Answer 8

Red -> yellow -> blue
Red- coldest
Yellow- middle
Blue- hottest

Question 9

How do astronomers determine the chemical makeup of a star?

Answer 9

Spectra scope

Question 10

How can we detect the presence of various gases on the Sun’s surface?

Answer 10

Spectra scope

Question 11

What makes up an atom?

Answer 11

Protons= + 
Electrons= - 
Neutrons= neutrals

Question 12

What cleric first proposed that the Earth was not the center of the universe?

Answer 12

Copernicus

Question 13

Who first proposed elliptical orbits for the planets?

Answer 13

Kepler

Question 14

What are Kepler’s three law?

Answer 14

1. All planets move elliptical orbit
2. A line that connects a planet to the sun sweeps out in equal area in equal time
3. The square of a period of a planet is proportional to the cube of its distance from the sun.

Question 15

Who was the first astronomer to use a telescope?

Answer 15

Galileo

Question 16

What is Newton’s law of gravitation?

Answer 16

Force acting on 2 bodies is proportional to the product of their masses & inversely proportional to the square of distance between them

Question 17

What are tectonic plates?

Answer 17

Earth is divided into a small # of plates. The plates more about the rate your fingernails grow.

Question 18

What is the relationship of tectonic plates to earthquakes?

Answer 18

When 2 plates collide, MOUNTAINS HAPPEN.
When 1 slides beneath the other, VOLCANOS HAPPEN.
When 1 slides past another, AN EARTHQUAKE HAPPEN.

Question 19

How was the Moon formed?

Answer 19

The moon was formed when a mars sized body hit the earth.

Question 20

How were the craters on the moon formed?

Answer 20

Meteors

Question 21

Can you name the inner in their correct order?

Answer 21

Mercury, Venus, earth, mars

Question 22

What types of atmospheres do the inner planets possess?

Answer 22

Mercury= none
Venus= Carbon dioxide (1)
Earth= 25% oxygen 80% nitrogen 
Mars= carbon dioxide (100)

Question 23

What types of surfaces do the inner planets possess?

Answer 23

Rocky (big fat rocks)

Question 24

Which inner planet, besides our own, may contain life?

Answer 24

Mars

Question 25

Can you name the outer planets in their correct order?

Answer 25

Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune… (Pluto)