Astronomy Flashcards
Science review
Light year definition
The distance light travels in one year
Astronomical unit definition
AU=150millionn KM (distance from earth to sun)
Ellipse definition
a flatened circle and has been squashed .
Star definition
A hot ball of electrically charged gas
Planet definition
A celestial body orbiting a star that is massive enough to be rounded by its own gravity
Dwarf-planet definition
a object that orbits the sun, but has not cleared its path/ orbit (pluto)
Asteroid definition
Asteroids are small, rocky objects that orbit the Sun
Nebula definition
an enormous cloud of dust and gas occupying the space between stars
Comet definition
large objects made of dust and ice that orbit the Sun.
White dwarf
what stars like the Sun become after they have exhausted their nuclear fuel
Neutron star definition
exploded star made up most entirely of neutrons
Black hole definition
a place in space where gravity pulls so much that even light can not get out.
Explain the difference between a day and a year in terms of the earths motion
day= 1 spin (24hr)
year=1 orbit around the sun
Why do we say astronomers are able to look back in time?
Because light takes time to travel across space, when we observe distant objects in the universe, were actually seeing them as they were in the past
super nova
the colossal explosion of a star. they are the most powerful forces in the universe
What are ‘terrestrial planets’
a name given to a planet composed of mainly rock, and iron similar to that of earth
List 8 planets in order closest to the sun to farthest from the sun
Mercury, Venus,
Earth
,Mars,
Jupiter
,Saturn
,Uranus
What are gas giants?
large planeets composed of gases like hydrogen and helium.
four gas giants: Jupiter, saturn, uranus, neptune
what trend is there between the distance from the sun and the speed of a planets orbit?
The further a planet is from the sun, the slower its orbital speed
the closes the planet is from the sun, the faster its orbital speed.
Moon phases
(paper)
Draw the moon, sun and earth during a lunar eclipse ,label umbra and penumbra.
(paper
draw the moon sun and earth during solar eclipse, label umbra and penumber
paper
what forces causes a nebula to begin to collapse?
gravity causes it to collapse
how do planets form?
The Sun and the planets formed together, 4.6 billion years ago, from a cloud of gas and dust called the solar nebula
3 pieces of evidence for the SNT
lack of gravity
closer/hostile environment
space radiation
Low-mass stars order
Nebula
where fusion begins
the stage the sun is in
red giant
planetary nebula
white dwarf
black holee
High mass star order
Gravity causes this to condense into a protostar
protostar
main sequence star
when a star begins to run out of fuel and grows larger
supernova
black hole
neutron starvn
