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JMSS Sci Stuff > Astronomy > Flashcards

Astronomy Flashcards

1
Q

what are the different planets in our solar system

A

mercury
venus
earth
mars
jupiter
saturn
neptune
pluto

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2
Q

which planets are closer/further away from the sun

A

closer: (in order)
mercury
venus
earth
mars

further away: (furthest is last one)
jupiter
saturn
neptune
pluto

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3
Q

why is Pluto considered a dwarf planet

A

because of its size and orbit it is slowly drifting away from the sun

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4
Q

what are the primary planets

A

terrestrial:
mercury
venus
earth
mars

gas giants:
jupiter
hot jupiter
saturn

ice giants:
uranus
neptune

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5
Q

what are the dwarf planets

A

pluto
eris
haumea
ceres
makemake
quaoar
sedna

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6
Q

what are the hypothetical planets

A

chthonian planet:
planet X
Kepler - 52 b
Kepler - 57 b
Kelper - 52 c

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7
Q

what are the different types of planets in our solar system

A

terrestrial
gas giant
ice giant
dwarf

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8
Q

define terrestrial

A

refers to things that relate to or come from the earth. It can be used to describe planets that are rocky and similar to our own planet, such as mercury, venus, earth and mars

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9
Q

define gas giants

A

planets that are primarily made up of gases such as hydrogen and helium. they are much larger than terrestrial planets and do not have a solid surface like earth, jupiter and saturn.

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10
Q

define ice giants

A

primarily made up of gases such as hydrogen and helium but also contain large amounts of icy materials like water, methane, and ammonia. uranus and Neptune are examples of this.

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11
Q

define dwarf

A

used to describe something smaller than normal or expected in astronomy. used to describe celestial bodies that are smaller than planets but larger than asteroids. they are spherical in shape but have not cleared their orbit of other debris, this is why they are not considered full planets. eg pluto

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12
Q

how do ellipses work

A

each planet orbiting at different angles causes an ellipse

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13
Q

define the main aspects that allow for satellites to work

A

artificial satellites - satellites placed into orbits by humans
orbit - path a planet takes around a star, or a moon or satellite takes around a planet
satellite - a mass in orbit around another mass

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14
Q

what are human made satellites considered

A

artificial

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15
Q

is the moon a satellite

A

yes

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16
Q

why are planets spheres

A

due to gravity’s pull

17
Q

define the two types of ecllipses

A

lunar eclipse - when the earth blocks sunlight from reaching the moon
solar eclipse - when the moon blocks sunlight from reaching the earth

18
Q

define the 6 different ways time is defined

A

day -
year -
leap year -
revolution -
axis -
seasons -

19
Q

why do different parts of the world experience different seasons at the same time?

A

because of the tilt of different planets

20
Q

define the main rocks/bodies in our solar system

A

meteor - streak of light seen when a meteoroid heats up in the atmosphere
comet - ice body that releases gases as it orbits the sun
asteroid - rocky body smaller than a planet that orbits the sun
meteoroid - rocky or metallic fragment of an asteroid, comet or planet
meteorite - meteor fragment that reaches the ground

21
Q

which universe is least observable

A

the observable universe

22
Q

list the 8 different universes

A

earth
solar system
solar interstellar neighbourhood
milkyway galaxy
local galactic group
virgo supercluster
local superclusters
observable universe

23
Q

what galaxy are we in

A

milkyway

24
Q

how many stars can galaxies have

A

100 million

25
Q

lists the bodies in our solar system by size

A

rocks -> moon -> dwarf planets -> Planets -> stars -> galaxies -> galaxy cluster and supercluster

26
Q

define the moon

A

a celestial body that orbits planets

27
Q

define dwarf planets

A

celestial body that orbits a star, spherical in shape due to its gravity, has not cleared its orbit of other debris

28
Q

define planets

A

celestial body that orbits a star, spherical in shape due to its gravity, has cleared its orbit of other debris

29
Q

define stars

A

much larger than planets, produce their own light and energy through nuclear fusion

30
Q

define galaxies

A

collections of billions and trillions of stars held together by gravity

31
Q

define galaxy clusters and superclusters

A

collections of galaxies held together by gravity

JMSS Sci Stuff (12 decks)

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