Asthma Flashcards
Is asthma an obstructive or restrictive disease?
Obstructive
What happens to the basement membrane in remodelling?
It thickens
What happens to the submucosa in remodelling?
Collagen deposition
What happens to smooth muscle in remodelling?
Hypertrophy
Asthmatics usually have a productive cough with wheeze. True/False?
False
Cough is usually dry/non-productive
What is wheeze?
High pitched expiratory sound
List the British Thoracic Society drug guidelines for asthma treatment
- SABA
- Inhaled steroid (Beclometasone)
- CysLT receptor antagonist (Montelukast)
+ LABA/LAMA (Review LTRA)
+ Theophylline - Oral steroid
What are the benefits of a spacer?
Avoids coordination problems Reduces oropharyngeal/laryngeal effects Reduces swallowing Reduces particle size and velocity Increases deposition into lungs
CysLT antagonists (Montelukast) are more potent than inhaled steroids. True/False?
False
2nd line additive to inhaled steroid
Cetirizine and Loratidine are sedative antihistamines. True/False?
False
They are non-sedative
What do anti-IgE monoclonal antibody treatments (Omalizumab) do?
Prevent binding to IgE receptor and inhibit mediator release from basophils and mast cells
What would be PEFR in moderate asthma?
Less than 80% predicted
What would be PEFR in severe asthma?
Less than 50% predicted
What would be PEFR in life threatening asthma?
Less than 30% predicted
Outline management of acute severe asthma
Oxygen (40-60%) Salbutamol (nebulised) Hydrocortisone (IV) Ipratropium (nebulised) Theophylline (oral) Magnesium sulphate (IV) Anaesthetist!