Asthma

Question 1

salbutamol prim mech

Answer 1

Agonist at the β2 receptor on airway smooth muscle cells. Activation reduces Ca2+ entry and this prevents smooth muscle contraction.

Question 2

salbutamol drug target

Answer 2

Beta 2 adrenergic receptor

Question 3

salbutamol side effects

Answer 3

Palpitations/ agitation
Tachycardia/ Arrythmias
Hypokalaemia (at higher doses)

Question 4

what does SABA mean?

Answer 4

Salbutamol is a short acting beta agonist (SABA). It’s half life is 2.5-5hours.

Question 5

Fluticasone prim mech

Answer 5

v powerful, many actions on different cell types
Fluticasone directly decreases inflammatory cells such as eosinophils, monocytes, mast cells, macrophages, and dendritic cells. It reduces the number of these cells and also the number of cytokines they produce.

Question 6

Mometasone drug target

Answer 6

glucocorticoid receptor

Question 7

Budesonide side effects

Answer 7

Local side effects:
Sore throat, hoarse voice, opportunistic oral infections

Systemic side effects:
Growth retardation in children
Hyperglycaemia
Decreased bone mineral density
Immunosuppression
Effects on mood
(Many others)

Question 8

types of corticosteroids for asthma

Answer 8

Fluticasone, Mometasone, Budesonide

Question 9

Montelukast prim mech

Answer 9

Antagonism of CysLT1 leukotriene receptor on eosinophils, mast cells and airway smooth muscle cells decreases eosinophil migration, broncho-constriction and inflammation induced oedema

Question 10

montelukast drug target

Answer 10

CysLT1 leukotriene receptor

Question 11

Montelukast side effects

Answer 11

Mild side effects:
Diarrhoea
Fever
Headaches
Nausea or vomiting

Serious side effects:
Mood changes
Anaphylaxis