Assignment 4 Flashcards
Hypothesis Testing
The formal process of testing that an individual measurement or statistic (such as a mean) estimates some characteristic of a population.
Alpha level
The point in a sampling distribution in which one rejects Ho. Alpha is the probability of a Type I error.
Null hypothesis
In hypothesis testing, the assertion that an individual measurement or statistic (such as a mean) estimates (or points to) a reference population. The null hypothesis is often symbolized as Ho.
Confidence interval
The interval in which some population parameter (such as a mean) exists with a given level of confidence, such as 95%.
Sampling distribution
A distribution that is constructed of a statistic (such as a mean) from a very large number of equally sized samples.
Standard error
The standard deviation of a statistic (such as a mean) from a sampling distribution.
Rival hypothesis
The logical alternative to the null hypothesis.
T-distribution
A bell shaped sampling distribution that is derived with small samples and the population standard deviation is unknown.
Degrees of freedom
In statistical analysis, the number of numbers that are free to take on a value without restriction.
Binary variables
A variable that takes on only two values.
One sample z test
In hypothesis testing, a z calculation where one tests the hypothesis that a sample mean points to a reference population mean. For this test, the sample size needs to be at least 30 and the population standard deviation is known
One sample t test
In hypothesis testing, a t calculation where one tests the hypothesis that a sample mean points to a reference population mean. This test is calculated when the sample size falls below 30 and/or the population standard deviation is unknown.
