Assessments Exam 1 Flashcards
What is the AUDIT?
-The AUDIT is the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test, which measures the dimensions of use/abuse: alcohol consumption and alcohol consequences
-AUDIT is criterion references
-Also uses a timeframe of the past year, so looks at use across the past year.
How do you score the AUDIT?
-There are four zones of scores, and an intervention is implemented for each zone.
-Zone I ranges from 0-7, with an intervention of alcohol education
-Zone II ranges from 8-15, with an intervention of simple advice. A score of 8 is also the cutoff for hazardous drinking
-Zone III ranges from 16-19, with an intervention of brief counseling and continued monitoring
-Zone IV ranges from 20-40, with an intervention of receiving a specialist referral.
What is the MAST?
-The Michigan Alcoholism Screening Test (MAST) is a screening instrument for alcohol abuse (alcoholism)
-It uses a timeframe of a lifetime, so it looks at use across the lifespan.
-The MAST also looks at the following dimensions of use/abuse
1. Symptoms of excessive drinking
2. Social, vocational, and family problems as a consequence of drinking
3. Concerns expressed by others
4. Efforts to control or seek treatment for drinking
How do you score the MAST?
-A score of 5+ indicates alcoholism
-A score of 4 indicates possible alcoholism
-A score of 3 or less indicates an absence of alcoholism
What is the CAGE?
The CAGE asks four questions to measure alcohol use:
1. Ever feel the need to CUT down on drinking?
2. Ever become ANNOYED when others ask them about their drinking?
3. Ever felt GUILTY about their drinking?
4. Ever needed an EYE OPENER to start the day?
What is sensitivity?
-Sensitivity is the ability to identify true cases
-Sensitivity has lower cutoff scores to increase the ability to identify true cases and capture more people
-Higher false positives and fewer false negatives
-For example, you need suicide assessment to be more sensitive to err on the side of caution.
What is specificity?
-Specificity is the ability to accurately identify non-cases
-Specificity has higher cutoff scores to identify people that are non-cases
-Higher false negatives and fewer false positives
-For example, you would need assessment for intellectual disability to be more specific, because it could be a damaging diagnosis and could take away resources from those who actually need it.
What is the BSI?
-The BSI is the brief symptom inventory which is a measure of symptom severity
-Consists of 3 global indices and 9 dimensions
What does the PSDI indicate?
-The positive symptom distress index (PSDI) is one of the global indices of the BSI
-It measures the intensity of symptoms
-A t-score of 63 and above indicate clinical significant symptom intensity
What does the PST indicate?
-The positive symptom total (PST) is one of the global indices of the BSI
-It measures the breadth and array of symptom
-A t-score of 63 suggest clinically significant number of symptoms
What does the GSI indicate?
-The global severity index (GSI) is one of three global indices of the BSI
-It measures the severity of psychological distress by looking at the number of reported symptoms and intensity of symptoms
-A t-score of 63+ suggest clinically significant psychological distress
What are the 9 BSI scales?
- Somatization (SOM) which measures distress experienced through physical dysfunction
- Obsessive-compulsive (O-C) which measures impulses, thoughts, and actions that are repetitive, unwanted, uncontrollable. Subset measure general cognitive performance
- Interpersonal sensitivity (I-C) which measures discomfort in interpersonal situations, negative expectations regarding relationships, and feelings of inferiority, self-doubt, inadequacy
- Depression (DEP) which measures anhedonia, dysphoria, loneliness, withdrawal, pessimism, sleep disturbance, changes in appetite, low energy
- Anxiety (ANX) which measures apprehension, nervousness, trembling, dread. Can also measure physiological components such as rapid heart rate, tension restlessness
- Hostility (HOS) which measures resentment, irritability, aggression, and rage
- Phobic Anxiety (PHOB) which measure excessive, irrational fear related to person, place, object, or situation. This reflects more pathological aspects of phobia
- Paranoid Ideation (PAR) which measures paranoid thought, hostility, projection, grandiosity, suspiciousness. Can be related to a need for control based on fear of losing independence, possible presence of delusions
- Psychoticism (PSY) which measures how extremely withdrawn and isolated a client is. Can also measure possible experience of core symptoms of schizophrenia
