Assessment of the Week Flashcards
What stimulates the lactiferous duct system to grow at puberty
oestrogen
What stimulates the mammary glands to produce milk?
prolactin
What stimulates the myoepithelisal cell lining the milk ducts to contract?
oxytocin
What is the most common histological type of breast cancer is?
invasive ductal carcinoma
Where does the breast overlie?
ribs 2-6, and pectoral fascia
Medially, breast blood supply is from where?
branches of the internal thoracic and anterior intercostal arteries
Should a woman breastfeeding with an abscess be referred to the clinic?
no
Is early menopause a risk factor for breast cancer?
no
Is the combined oral contraceptive pill a risk factor?
yes
What is the percentage of breast cancers have a strong inherited familial risk?
5%
Is hair loss related to adjuvant breast radiotherapy?
no
What toxicities are related to adjuvant breast radiotherapy?
Brachial plexopathy, fatigue, local skin reaction, pulmonary fibrosis
Is Latissimus dorsi reconstruction a free flap?
yes
Is Latissimus dorsi reconstruction always performed as an immediate breast reconstruction?
no
Is Latissimus dorsi reconstruction always harvested by plastic surgeons?
no
Does latissimus dorsi reconstruction requires an additional breast implant to be inserted?
it may do
A 55 year old female patient presents with scaling of the left nipple. She tried E45 and hydrocortisone cream prescribed by her GP for the past 4 weeks without any improvement.
Duct papilloma
A 53 year old female patient has been recalled after her first screening mammogram showing extensive microcalcifications in the inner quadrant of her left breast.
Ductal carcinoma in situ
A 28 year old woman presents with a painless, firm, discrete, mobile mass, which has a solid appearance on ultrasound scan.
Sclerosing adenosis
A 38 year old presents with lumpy breasts, which are painful pre-menstrually. On ultrasound scan there are several fluid filled cysts measuring from 5-15mm.
fibrocytic change
A 60 year old woman presents with multiple small firm lumps in both breast. On mammogram there are scattered microcalcifications
fibroadenoma
What is a recognised health benefit to an infant of breast feeding? :
They are less likely to develop eczema
Are any of the following recognised health benefits to an infant of breast feeding? prevention of : Crohn’s, dementia, schizophrenia, anorexia
nope
A 26 year old female patient, 3 weeks post-partum, breast feeding, presents with a hot swollen erythematous looking right breast with a fluctuant 3 cm breast lump
breast abscess
