Assessment formative exam

Question 1

Which of the following findings is generally NOT used to assess an adult’s circulation?

A. Evaluation for bleeding
B. Patient’s distal pulse rate
C. Patient’s skin color, temperature, and condition
D. Patient’s capillary refill time

Answer 1

D. Patient’s capillary refill time

Question 2

At which of the following points should you begin your scene size-up?

A. When the patient or family member opens the door to the residence
B. As you approach the scene in the ambulance
C. When you arrive at the scene, but before exiting the ambulance
D. After exiting the ambulance, but before making patient contact

Answer 2

B. As you approach the scene in the ambulance

Question 3

If a patient complains of abdominal pain localized to a specific area of the abdomen, which of the following techniques should be used to assess the abdomen?

A. palpate the area at the beginning and end of the exam
B. Palpate the painful area first
C. Do not palpate the painful area
D. Palpate the painful area last

Answer 3

D. Palpate the painful area last

Question 4

When checking breath sounds in a trauma patient, what should the EMT assess for first?

A. Edema and rhonchi
B. Wheezing and stridor
C. Rate and oxygen saturation
D. Presence and equality

Answer 4

D. Presence and equality

Question 5

Which of the following is NOT a purpose of a rapid trauma assessment?

A. To focus care on specific injuries
B. To provide basis for care during transport
C. To assess the extent of injuries
D. To detect injuries that may become life threatening

Answer 5

A. To focus care on specific injuries

Question 6

Slight movement of the chest during respiration is usually indicative of which of the following?

A. Shallow breathing
B. Noisy breathing
C. Normal breathing
D. Labored breathing

Answer 6

A. Shallow breathing

Question 7

In the assessment of a responsive medical patient, which of the following will provide you with the most important information?

A. Patient’s medical history
B. Focused physical exam
C. Detailed physical exam
D. Baseline vital signs

Answer 7

A. Patient’s medical history

Question 8

What is the first thing the EMT does during the primary assessment?

A. Determines transport priority
B. Opens the airway
C. Assesses mental status
D. Forms a general impression

Answer 8

D. Forms a general impression

Question 9

Expert clinicians may use different approaches of thinking through problems, but which of the following will they have in common?

A. Strong foundation of knowledge
B. Knowledge that one strategy works for everyone
C. Dislike of ambiguity
D. Organization of data in their head

Answer 9

A. Strong foundation of knowledge

Question 10

Where might you find a patient’s medical alert identification jewelry?

A. Ankle bracelet
B. Bracelet
C. Necklace
D. All of the above

Answer 10

D. All of the above

Question 11

Why is it important that your radio report to the receiving facility be concise?

A. The emergency department needs to know quickly and accurately the patient’s condition
B. You want to make sure the doctor approves your medical order request
C. You want to appear professional
D. You do not want the bore the nurse receiving your report

Answer 11

A. The emergency department needs to know quickly and accurately the patient’s condition

Question 12

When pupils are dilated, they are:

A. Elliptical or elongated in shape
B. Smaller then normal
C. Larger then normal
D. Irregularly shaped

Answer 12

C. Larger then normal

Question 13

For which of the following patient’s would capillary refill be a reliable sign of circulatory status?

A. 3-year-old child with a fever and cough
B. 92-year-old man complaining of weakness on his right side
C. 24-year-old homeless man who has spent the night outside in the rain
D. 50-year-old woman complaining of chest pain

Answer 13

A. 3-year-old with a fever and a cough

Question 14

Where should the EMT assess for injury when caring for a patient who had a 10-foot fall and landed square on his feet?

A. Patient’s ankles
B. Patient’s pelvis
C. Patient’s femur
D. All of the above

Answer 14

D. All of the above

Question 15

At what point is the scene size up complete?

A. When the number of patient’s has been determined
B. When crashed vehicles have been stabilized
C. Upon stabilization of the C spine
D. At the end of the call

Answer 15

D. At the end of the call

Question 16

When considering the potential for injury from a fall, which of the following is the least important?

A. Patient’s weight
B. Whether the patient struck anything with his body on the way down
C. Height of the fall
D. type of surface onto which the patient fell

Answer 16

A. Patient’s weight

Question 17

You suspect that a 6-year0old with multiple bruises and a broken wrist was abused. The stepmother states that the patient fell down the stairs. The patient is crying and sheepishly nods in agreement with the stepmother’s statements. How should you document this situation in the patient report?

A. Document only the actual exam findings. Do not document anything that was said.
B. Document who you suspect caused the injuries in the narrative so that law enforcement has a record of the incident
C. Document what was said as well as your opinion that the child was too afraid to tell the truth
D. Document any pertinent information that was said by the stepmother and child exactly in quotations

Answer 17

D. Document any pertinent information that was said by the stepmother and child exactly in quotation

Question 18

You respond to a 30-month-old patient who has passed out. Is the patient’s blood pressure important to your treatment? why?

A. No, blood pressure is difficult to obtain in children younger than age 3 and has little impact on the patient’s field management
B. No, blood pressure taken on children younger than age 3 can cause damage to the tissues of the arm and could lead to hypertension later in life.
C. Yes, blood pressure must be taken on everyone because without it we cannot provide adequate field management
D. Yes, blood pressure should be taken on children because it is the only way we can understand the patient’s condition

Answer 18

A. No, blood pressure is difficult to obtain in children younger than age 3 and had little impact on the patients field management

Question 19

When assessing a patient who has been stabbed, which of the following information should the EMT gain first?

A. Make and model of the knife
B. Angle at which the knife entered the patient
C. Owner of the knife
D. Size and type of the knife

Answer 19

D. Size and type of the knife

Question 20

You are unable to find a radial pulse on a patient from a motor vehicle crash. You should:

A. Begin chest compressions
B. Listen for heart sounds
C. Attempt to find the carotid pulse
D. Apply the pulse oximeter

Answer 20

C. Attempt to find the carotid pulse

Question 21

The term priapism means _______ and may be found in injuries of the ________.

A. Unequal pupils; brain
B. A persistent penile erection; spine
C. A painful muscle spasm; spine
D. abnormal pulsation; abdomen

Answer 21

B. A persistent penile erection; spine

Question 22

A patient with a pulse rate of 120 beats per minute is considered which of the following?

A. Tachycardic
B. Dyscardic
C. Normocardic
D. Bradycardic

Answer 22

A. Dyscardic

Question 23

You are on the scene in the bad part of town for an unresponsive 18-year-old type-1 diabetic patient. His mother states that he is very noncompliant with his diabetes management and often goes unresponsive due to low blood sugar. After performing the primary assessment, you believe that this is the most likely cause of his unresponsiveness. however, after taking a capillary glucose reading you are surprised to see that the patient’s sugar level is normal. How will you now determine the field diagnosis?

A. Continue patient care by getting a complete SAMPLE history and perform a complete secondary assessment.
B. Recognize that the mother was lying to you. The patient is not diabetic and you now must assume everything she told you is wrong.
C. Recognize that the mother is probably trying to protect her son from jail. Tell her that it is critical that she tell you what drug he actually took
D. You cannot make a correct diagnosis in the field because you cannot perform all the necessary tests with your limited scope of practice.

Answer 23

A. Continue patient care by getting a complete SAMPLE history and perform a complete secondary assessment

Question 24

Where might you find a patient’s medical alert identification jewelry?

A. Bracelet
B. Necklace
C. Ankle bracelet
D. All of the above

Answer 24

D. All of the above

Question 25

In medical terms, bruises are known as which of the following? A. Deformity B. Abrasion C. Laceration D. Contusion

Answer 25

D. Contusion

Question 26

You enter a room to find a 16-year-old female sitting upright in a chair with her back straight, leaning forward, and her arms supporting her. She is having a hard time talking to you. You should suspect: A. Abdominal pain B. Allergic reaction C. Chest discomfort D. Respiratory distress

Answer 26

D. Respiratory distress

Question 27

Which of the following situations will not require additional resources at the scene? A. A patient with emphysema who is on oxygen therapy at home B. A 300 pound woman complaining of back pain C. A call for a sick person at home during which an odor of natural gas is detected D. A call to a manufacturing plant where a worker has his hand caught in a machine

Answer 27

A. A patient with emphysema who is on oxygen therapy at home

Question 28

Medical direction has requested that you administer 70 grams of activated charcoal to an overdose patient. Which of the following should you do next? A. Administer the medication without delay B. Document the order in writing before carrying it out C. Prepare the medication and then call the hospital back to verify the order D. Repeat the order back to the physician to make sure you understood correctly

Answer 28

D. Repeat the order back to the physician to make sure you understood correctly

Question 29

In medical terms, bruises are known as which of the following? A. Abrasion B. Deformity C. Contusion D. Laceration

Answer 29

C. Contusion

Question 30

Of the following, which would most likely give the best information regarding your patient's mental status? A. Pulse and respiratory rate B. Patient's ability to know person, place, time, and purpose C. List of allergies D. Last oral intake

Answer 30

B. Patient's ability to know person, place, time, and purpose

Question 31

You are treating a 32-year-old man who is deaf. You need to find out why he called for an ambulance. What is the best way to communicate with this patient? A. Use hand gestures to act out what you are trying to say B. Call for an interpreter to meet you at the hospital C. Speak very loudly in case he has a little hearing D. Make sure the patient can see your lips when you speak

Answer 31

D. Make sure the patient can see you lips when you speak

Question 32

You are called for a patient who is complaining of being weak and dizzy. he reports that he does not have enough money to pay for his medications so he has not gotten them refilled. Your service has an automatic blood pressure machine and you use it to measure the patient's blood pressure while you count his respirations. the blood pressure machine reports a blood pressure of 280/140. what should you do next? A. Take a manual blood pressure B. Call immediately for ALS response C. Begin transport immediately D. Continue with vital sign assessment

Answer 32

A. Take a manual blood pressure

Question 33

Which of the following best describes a repeater? A. A device that receives and amplifies a signal that must be carried over long distances B. A two-way radio that is mounted in a vehicle C. A two-way radio that can be carried on a belt clip D. A two-way radio at a fixed site

Answer 33

A. A device that receives and amplifies a signal that must be carried over long distances

Question 34

You are transporting a patient down a bumpy road. Your patient's blood pressure has just been measured by the monitor at 190/110. the patient's blood pressure on scene was 130/80. You should: A. Re-measure the blood pressure manually B. Ignore the blood pressure reading C. Apply the automatic cuff to the other arm D. Have the driver increase the truck's speed

Answer 34

A. Re-measure the blood pressure manually

Question 35

Which of the following is the best way to assess a patient's skin temperature? A. Place the back of your hand against the patient's forehead B. Place your cheek against the patient's forehead C. Place your cheek against the patient's abdomen D. Place the back of your hand against the patient's abdomen

Answer 35

A. Place the back of your hand against the patient's forehead

Question 36

The QI manager calls your partner into his office after your shift. The QI managers pulls out your partner's EMS report on a call he ran last month on a 45-year old driver of a single-vehicle motor vehicle collision. There were several empty beer cans in the patient's vehicle., and your partner detected an odor of alcoholic beverages on the patient's breath. The QI manager, however, critiques your partner about calling the patient an alcoholic and giving opinions in the report. he tells you your partner to never write opinions in the EMS report. your partner is confused because he is sure the patient was drunk, and he was actually arrested for suspicion of driving while intoxicated. Your partner believes his assessment is supported by facts and not just his opinion. How can you help your partner understand the QI manger's concerns? A. The patient is assumed to be innocent until proven guilty. He is not an alcoholic until he is convicted of drinking and driving by a court of law. B. The QI manager is afraid the patient will sue the EMS service for libel C. Calling the patient an alcoholic is not polite, even if it is true D. Documenting that the patient is an alcoholic is an unverifiable opinion of the patient that is not supported by available facts and could negatively influence other medical providers.

Answer 36

D. Documenting that the patient is an alcoholic is an unverifiable opinion of the patient that is not supported by available facts and could negatively influence other medical providers

Question 37

You are transporting a city councilman to the hospital after he inured his shoulder playing basketball at his gym. his left shoulder is swollen, deformed, and bruised. there is pain and tingling when the patient attempts to use his hand. He has a pulse of 92 per minute, a respiratory rate of 20 per minute, and a blood pressure of 132/88 mmHg. Which of the following should not be included in the radio report? A. How the injury occurred B. The appearance of the shoulder C. Notification that extra security is needed for a VIP D. Vital signs

Answer 37

C. Notification that extra security is needed for a VIP

Question 38

A description of a patient's condition that assists a clinician in further evaluation and treatment is known as which of the following? A. Diagnosis B. Red flag C. Clinical decision D. Critical thinking

Answer 38

A. Diagnosis

Question 39

Which of the following the most reliable means of determining whether a patient has any immediately life threatening conditions? A. Systematic approach to assessment B. Use of intuition C. Obtaining a detailed medical history D. Thorough scene size up

Answer 39

A. Systematic approach to assessment

Question 40

You are assessing a patient who has been involved in a motor vehicle crash. Which of the following questions would be the most important to ask him? A. Why were you in such a hurry? B. How much fuel is in your car? C. How fast was the vehicle going? D. Have you been in a crash before?

Answer 40

C. how fast was the vehicle going?

Question 41

What is the surgical opening in the wall of the abdomen with a plastic bag in place to collect digestive waste? A. Colostomy B. Stoma C. Priapism D. Tracheostomy

Answer 41

A. Colostomy

Question 42

Your patient is a 22 year old college student complaining of abdominal pain. she is alert and oriented, although somewhat uncomfortable. Which of the following should be your first action? A. Perform a physical examination B. Ask the patient to describe the pain and find out if she has other complaints C. Take the patient's roommate aside and ask about the patient's medical history D. Palpate the patient's abdomen for tenderness and guarding

Answer 42

B. Ask the patient to describe the pain and find out if she has other complains

Question 43

The ambulance is called for an assaulted patient. While transporting the patient to the hospital , the EMT notes that patient's jugular veins are flat (nondistended). Which of these is most likely the cause of this finding? A. Blood loss B. High blood pressure C. Closed head injury D. Blood collecting around the heart in the pericardial sac

Answer 43

A. Blood loss

Question 44

An injury caused by an object that passes through the skin or other body tissue is known as which of the following? A. Puncturing trauma B. Impaling trauma C. Cavitating trauma D. Penetrating trauma

Answer 44

D. Penetrating trauma

Question 45

You have performed a rapid trauma assessment on a patient with multiple long bone injuries. Your next assessment step should be which of the following? A. Obtain baseline vital signs and past medical history B. Call the ALS unit to determine their ETA before deciding your next step C. Transport the patient to the hospital and perform a detailed physical exam D. Perform a detailed physical exam

Answer 45

A. Obtain baseline vitals signs and past medical history

Question 46

You are approaching an adult female lying supine on the ground with snoring respirations. You should: A. Ventilate with a bag-valve mask B. Open her airway with a jaw-thrust maneuver C. Insert a nasopharyngeal airway D. Insert an oropharyngeal airway

Answer 46

B. Open her airway with a jaw-thrust maneuver

Question 47

"if it looks like a duck and quacks like a duck, it must be a duck-except when it isn't" is a way to summarize which of the following? A. Overconfidence B. Confirmation bias C. illusory correlation D. Representatives

Answer 47

D. Representatives

Question 48

Mr. Green is complaining of severe difficulty breathing after being stung by a bee. His wife states he has had reactions to bee stings before, but not write this severe. Which medications should you specifically ask him about? A. Antibiotics B. Epinephrine C. Insulin D. Beta-blockers

Answer 48

B. Epinehrine

Question 49

What s the pressure remaining in the arteries after the pulse wave has passes through? A. Diastolic blood pressure B. Venous pressure C. Resting blood pressure D. Systolic blood pressure

Answer 49

A. Diastolic blood pressure

Question 50

Your patient is an unresponsive 40-year-old woman. Which of the following should you do first? A. Perform a physical exam B. Immediately request advanced life support C. Ask her husband is she has any known allergies D. Take her blood pressure

Answer 50

A. Perform a rapid physical exam

Question 51

Which of the following is NOT true regarding a patient who has a mental status of less than alert? A. His brain may not be getting enough oxygen B. He requires high-concentration oxygen C. He is in a state of rapid eye movement sleep D. He may not have adequate blood circulation

Answer 51

C. He is in a state of rapid eye movement sleep

Question 52

An objective statement made in a prehospital patient care report meets all of the following criteria except which one? A. Verifiable B. Observable C. Measurable D. Biased

Answer 52

D. Biased

Question 53

To determine blood pressure by auscultation, The EMT should position the cuff over the upper arm and place the stethoscope over the brachial artery. Next, she should inflate the cuff, then slowly deflate the cuff, listening for clicks or tapping sounds while remembering the number at the first sound. What is the next step in taking a blood pressure? A. Remove the cuff from the patient's arm, place it on the opposite arm, and repeat the process to verify the reading B. Continue releasing pressure until the clicks or tapping stop, and record both numbers C. Dump all the pressure and record the number as the diastolic pressure D. Re-inflate the cuff on the patient's arm and repeat the process to verify the reading

Answer 53

B. Continue releasing pressure until the clicks or tapping stop, and record both numbers

Question 54

You are at the scene where a 19-year-old female college student has been drinking large quantities of alcohol throughout the evening. On your arrival, the patient is lying on her back with no signs of trauma; has vomited; and has slow, wet sounding respirations. Which of the following should you do next? A. Determine the respiratory rate B. Open the patient's airway using a head-tilt, chin-lift maneuver C. Check for carotid and radial pulses D. Assist respirations with a bag valve mask device

Answer 54

B. Open the patient's airway using a head-tilt, chin-lift maneuver

Question 55

Your patient has been hit in the arm with a baseball during practice. He is alert and oriented, complaining of pain to his left arm with obvious black discoloration of the skin. What type of assessment is called for in this situation? A. Area exam B. Detailed physical exam C. Rapid trauma assessment D. Focused exam

Answer 55

D. Focused exam

Question 56

Your patient is warm, dry, pink, and denies shortness of breath. Which of the following should the EMT expect to find when evaluating the patient's oxygen saturation? A. 95 percent B. 91 percent C. 102 percent D. 98 percent

Answer 56

D. 98 percent

Question 57

What term describes a permanent surgical opening in the next through which a patient breathes? A. Pneumothorax B. Crepitation C. Tracheostomy D. Stoma

Answer 57

D. Stoma

Question 58

What is the normal response of the pupils when exposed to a bright light? A. No effect B. Dilation C. Fluttering D. Constriction

Answer 58

D. Constriction

Question 59

You are on the scene of a 16-year-old patient in respiratory distress. The patient has a history of asthma. After placing the patient on oxygen and performing the primary and secondary assessments, you are confident that the patient is indeed having an asthma attack. How can you be sure your field diagnosis is accurate? A. Think of all possible causes of respiratory distress and rule them in or out as potential diagnosis based on your clinical findings. B. Ask your partner her opinion; if she also agrees that it is asthma, the diagnosis is correct. C. Constantly reassess the patient to make sure you are correct. D. Keep your EMT textbook with you on the ambulance and review it to confirm your diagnosis

Answer 59

A. think of all possible causes of respiratory distress and rule them in or out as potential diagnosis based on your clinical findings

Question 60

The first set of vital sign measurements obtained are often referred to as which of the following? A. Baseline vital signs B. Standard vital signs C. Normal vital signs D. None of the above

Answer 60

A. Baseline vital signs

Question 61

A patient whose mental status can be described ass verbal is able to: A. Talk spontaneously and respond to the EMT's questions B. Respond only to a stimulus such as the EMT rubbing his sternum with his knuckles C. respond to speaking or shouting by opening the eyes D. Tell you his or her name, his or her location, and what day it is

Answer 61

C. Respond to speaking or shouting by opening the eyes

Question 62

An EMT's assessment differs from an assessment made in the emergency department in which way? A. An EMT's focus is on life threats first B. The emergency physician is concerned with scene safety C. Time is available in the emergency department to make a diagnosis D. The EMT is working with limited resources

Answer 62

D. The EMT is working with limited resources

Question 63

IN which of the following circumstances is a fully documented prehospital care report not necessary? A. A patient says that someone else called EMS and he does not want any assistance B. A patient is treated but not transported C. Multiple patient's come from and office building evacuation D. A fully documented patient care report is required for all the above

Answer 63

C. Multiple patients come from an office building evacuation

Question 64

Which of the following will deliver a medium velocity impact? A. Ice pick B. Bullet from a handgun C. Bullet from an assault rifle D. Butcher knife

Answer 64

B. Bullet from a handgun

Question 65

Once you have reached a possible diagnosis for a patient, you should: A. Stop looking for other causes for the patient's signs and symptoms B. Aggressively treat the patient for that condition only C. Assume your diagnosis is wrong and start your assessment over from the beginning D. Continue to look for data that will help rule in or rule out other conditions

Answer 65

D. Continue to look for data that will help you rule in or rule out other conditions

Question 66

You are called for a patient who is complaining of being weak and dizzy. he reports that he does not have enough money to pay for his medications so he has not gotten them refilled. Your service has an automatic blood pressure machine and you use it to measure the patient's blood pressure while you count his respirations. the blood pressure machine reports a blood pressure of 280/140. What should you do next? A. Begin transport immediately B. Continue with vital sign assessment C. Take a manual blood pressure D. Call for immediate ALS response

Answer 66

C. Take a manual blood pressure

Question 67

For which of the following patients is a focused physical examination appropriate? A. A 70 year old male with dementia whose caretaker called because he "didn't seem like himself today" B. A 25 year old female with a history of asthma and who is complaining of difficulty breathing C. A 19 year old female with a history of epilepsy and who is found only responsive to painful stimuli by her roommate D. A 30 year old male with a history of diabetes and who is found unresponsive by his son

Answer 67

B. A 25 year old female with a history of asthma and who is complaining of difficulty breathing

Question 68

Your patient is a 24 year old female who swallowed a handful of pills of unknown type. Although she was initially alert and oriented with no complaints, you note she is now beginning to slur her words and is becoming progressively lethargic. What is the highest priority in dealing with this patient? A. Maintaining an open airway B. Notifying the receiving facility of the change in mental status C. Finding out exactly what she took D. Checking the patient's pupil size and reactivity to light

Answer 68

A. Maintaining an open airway

Question 69

Where do baseline vital signs fit into the sequence of patient assessment? A. At secondary assessment B. At the patient's side C. At primary assessment D. Ongoing assessment

Answer 69

A. At secondary assessment

Question 70

Your patient is a 14-year-old male who was run over by a tractor and is now unresponsive. During the rapid assessment, you should look for clear drainage coming from the patient's ____ indicating a serious injury. A. Mouth B. Ears C. Eyes D. Rectum

Answer 70

B. Ears

Question 71

During the primary assessment of a responsive adult patient, where should the pulse be checked? A. At the radial artery B. At the brachial artery C. At the femoral artery D. At the carotid artery

Answer 71

A. At the radial artery

Question 72

In which of the following patient's should you check for the possibility of spinal injury? A. An unresponsive diabetic who appears to have fallen down B. An unresponsive patient found in her bed with no obvious injury C. A responsive patient with no history of injury who is complaining of a headache and neck pain D. All of the above

Answer 72

A. An unresponsive diabetic who appears to have fallen down

Question 73

You have a patient who is unresponsive on the floor. What is the best way to rule in or rule out trauma as a cause of the patient's unresponsiveness? A. Check the patient's blood glucose to rule out hypoglycemia B. Examine the patient for signs of trauma C. Perform a stroke scale on the patient D. Look for bystanders and ask them if they witnessed the incident

Answer 73

D. Look for bystanders and ask them if they witnessed the incident

Question 74

You and another EMT are discussing a call he previously ran. The EMT said the patient had classic chest pain symptoms and he treated it as a possible heart attack, but he later found out the patient just had indigestion and was discharged 2 hours later. The EMT was concerned that his patient assessment skills were not as good as they should be, and that the ED physician will no longer trust his judgement. How should you respond to his concerns? A. Tell him that his misdiagnosis is a result of confirmation bias B. Tell him that his misdiagnosis is a result of anchoring C. Tell him that his misdiagnosis is a common EMT mistake caused by illusionary correlation D. Tell him his misdiagnosis is a result of limited information

Answer 74

D. Tell him that his misdiagnosis is a result of limited information

Question 75

Which of the following patient's is a high priority for transport? A. Adult male with dull abdominal pain B. Adult male with difficulty breathing C. Adult male with a headache D. Adult male with sharp lower back pain

Answer 75

B. Adult male with difficulty breathing

Question 76

Which of the following is NOT considered a principle of proper radio usage in EMS? A. Speak as quickly as possible B. Speak with your lips 2 to 3 inches from the microphone C. Use plain English D. Make sure the radio is on before speaking

Answer 76

A. Speak as quickly as possible

Question 77

What does distention refer to when describing your patient's abdomen? A. Having a sunken in appearance B. Softer than normal C. Harder then normal D. Larger than normal

Answer 77

D. Larger than normal

Question 78

Which of the following presentations would be considered normal during the breathing phase of the primary assessment? A. Respiratory rate of 16 with altered mental status B. Respiratory rate of 6 with shallow depth C. Respiratory rate of 12 with adequate depth D. Respiratory rate of 28 with adequate depth

Answer 78

C. Respiratory rate of 12 with adequate depth

Question 79

When assessing a patient who has been stabbed, which of the following information should the EMT gain first? A. Owner of the knife B. Make and model of the knife C. Size and type of the knife D. Angle at which the knife entered the patient

Answer 79

C. Size and type of the knife

Question 80

What term describes a surgical incision in the neck that is held open by a metal or plastic tube through which a patient can breathe or be placed on a ventilator? A. Tracheostomy B. Priapism C. Stoma D. Distention

Answer 80

A. Tracheostomy

Question 81

You are performing a rapid trauma assessment on an unresponsive 30-year-old male. As you evaluate his head, Which of the following should you check for? A. Unequal facial muscles B. Function of the cranial nerves C. Crepitation D. Whether the patient can follow your finger with his eyes

Answer 81

C. Crepitation

Question 82

Mrs. Butler is a 66-year-old woman who is complaining of chest pain. Which of the following questions would be best in helping you determine if the pain is radiating? A. Are you experiencing any other symptoms B. Are you having pain anywhere besides your chest C. Are you having pain in your arm? D. Does anything make the pain better or worse?

Answer 82

B. Are you having pain anywhere besides your chest?

Question 83

You have arrived on the scene of a highschool football field where a 17-year-old male is lying on the ground. He is unresponsive an cyanotic, and he is making obvious respiratory effort without moving adequate amounts of air. Which of the following should be done first? A. Open the patient's airway using a manual maneuver B. Insert a nasopharyngeal or oropharyngeal airway C. Assist ventilations with a bag-valve-mask device and supplemental oxygen D. Apply high concentration oxygen by nonrebreather mask

Answer 83

A. open the patient's airway using a manual maneuver

Question 84

Your patient was struck in the chest with a baseball bat during a bar fight. A crackling or crunching sensation that is felt when air escapes from its normal passageways and is trapped under the skin is called: A. Subcutaneous emphysema B. Distention C. Crepitation D. Tension pneumothorax

Answer 84

A. Subcutaneous emphysema

Question 85

As you arrive at the scene of a house fire, a very upset man screams at you to help his young son, Who is trapped under a piece of burning wood on the ground. Which of the following should you do first? A. Perform an initial assessment on the patient B. Size up the scene before acting C. Use a blanket to put out the fire on the piece of wood D. With the father's help, grab the boy by the arms and pull him from underneath the wood

Answer 85

B. Size up the scene before acting

Question 86

Which of the following is another term for trauma? A. Injury B. Illness C. Medical problem D. Suffering

Answer 86

A. Injury

Question 87

You are dispatched to a local bar for a report of an unresponsive female patient found in the bathroom. As you approach the scene, you notice a large crowd outside the front door holding beer bottles. The group has pulled the patient outside. As you approach the scene, people from the group start yelling, "Do something! She's not breathing." What concerns you most about this scene? A. The fact that the patient has been moved from where she was found B. the large crowd that has been drinking and is now yelling at you C. The crowd stating the patient is not breathing D. All of the above

Answer 87

B. The large crowd that has been drinking and is now yelling at you

Question 88

While an EMT forms a field diagnosis on the scene of an emergency, how do the steps differ from the traditional approach to diagnosis? A. The EMT does not have time to form a differential diagnosis and must rely on prior experience when treating a patient. B. The EMT must perform a patient assessment to begin the process of forming a diagnosis C. The EMT must rule in or out the most serious conditions associated with the patient's presentation D. Due to the limited time spent with the patient, The EMT must rely on a differential diagnosis

Answer 88

C. The EMT must rule in or out the most serious conditions associated with the patient's presentation

Question 89

Immediately following a rapid physical exam on an unresponsive medical patient, which of the following should you do next? A. Check the scene for medications B. Find out who the patient's doctor is C. Perform a focused physical exam D. Obtain baseline vital signs

Answer 89

D. Obtain baseline vital signs

Question 90

Which of the following techniques is used when formulating the general impression? A. Listening for unusual sounds B. Looking for visual clues C. Detecting odors D. All of the above

Answer 90

D. All of the above

Question 91

Your patient has been hit in the arm with a baseball during practice. he is alert and oriented, Complaining of pain to his left arm with obvious black discoloration of the skin. What type of assessment is called for in this situation? A. Focused exam B. Area exam C. Detailed physical exam D. Rapid trauma exam

Answer 91

A. Focused exam

Question 92

While assessing the past medical history of a 68-year-old male patient involved in a fall from a 4-foot stepladder, you use the acronym SAMPLE. What does the A refer to? A. Auscultate B. Assessment C. Allergies D. Acute

Answer 92

C. Allergies

Question 93

For which of the following patient's is a focused physical examination appropriate? A. A 19-year-old female with a history of epilepsy and who is found only responsive to painful stimuli by her roommate B. A 30-year-old male with a history of diabetes and who is found unresponsive by his son C. A 25-year-old female with a history of asthma and who is complaining of difficulty breathing D. A 70-year-old male with dementia whose caretaker called because he "didn't seem like himself today."

Answer 93

C. A 25-year-old female with a history of asthma and who is complaining of difficulty breathing

Question 94

Your patient is a 42-year-old woman who fell two feet from a ladder and is complaining of pain in her ankle. Which of the following are you unable to determine from the information given? A. General impression B. Chief complaint C. Airway status D. Transport priority

Answer 94

D. Transport priority

Question 95

Which of the following is true concerning the potential for violence at the scene of an EMS call? A. The chance for violence is very low at emergency scenes B. You do not need to worry about violence at an emergency scene once the police have secured it. C. An unusual lack of activity at the scene may signal impending violence against the EMT. D. Signs of impending violence are obvious if you know what to look for.

Answer 95

C. An unusual lack of activity at the scene may signal impending violence against the EMT

Question 96

Which of the following are vital signs that need to be recorded for virtually every EMS patient? A. Pulse; respiration; skin color; temperature; and conditions; pupils, and bowel sounds B. Pulse; respiration; skin color; temperature, and conditions; pupils; blood pressure; and bowel sounds C. Pulse; respiration; skin color; temperature, and condition D. Pulse; respiration; skin color, temperature, and condition; pupils; and blood pressure

Answer 96

D. Pulse; respiration; skin color, temperature, and condition; pupils; and blood pressure

Question 97

When a patient describes how he feels, he is telling you which of the following? A. His signs B. His diagnosis C. His syndrome D. His symptoms

Answer 97

D. His symptoms

Question 98

You are performing a rapid trauma assessment on an unresponsive 30-year-old male. As you evaluate his head, which of the following should you check for? A. Whether the patient can follow your finger with his eyes B. Function of the cranial nerves C. Crepitation D. Unequal facial muscles

Answer 98

C. Crepitation

Question 99

When checking breath sounds in a trauma patient, what should the EMT Assess for first? A. Rate and oxygen saturation B. Presence and equality C. Wheezing and stridor D. Edema and rhonchi

Answer 99

B. Presence and equality

Question 100

An oxygen saturation of 97 percent is considered which of the following? A. Normal B. Severe hypoxia C. Hypoxia D. Significant hypoxia

Answer 100

A. Normal