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NYS EMT-B Practice tests > Assessment formative exam > Flashcards

Assessment formative exam Flashcards

Section 3 - Chapters 11 to 17 (OCT 2023)

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1
Q

Which of the following findings is generally NOT used to assess an adult’s circulation?

A. Evaluation for bleeding
B. Patient’s distal pulse rate
C. Patient’s skin color, temperature, and condition
D. Patient’s capillary refill time

A

D. Patient’s capillary refill time

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2
Q

At which of the following points should you begin your scene size-up?

A. When the patient or family member opens the door to the residence
B. As you approach the scene in the ambulance
C. When you arrive at the scene, but before exiting the ambulance
D. After exiting the ambulance, but before making patient contact

A

B. As you approach the scene in the ambulance

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3
Q

If a patient complains of abdominal pain localized to a specific area of the abdomen, which of the following techniques should be used to assess the abdomen?

A. palpate the area at the beginning and end of the exam
B. Palpate the painful area first
C. Do not palpate the painful area
D. Palpate the painful area last

A

D. Palpate the painful area last

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4
Q

When checking breath sounds in a trauma patient, what should the EMT assess for first?

A. Edema and rhonchi
B. Wheezing and stridor
C. Rate and oxygen saturation
D. Presence and equality

A

D. Presence and equality

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5
Q

Which of the following is NOT a purpose of a rapid trauma assessment?

A. To focus care on specific injuries
B. To provide basis for care during transport
C. To assess the extent of injuries
D. To detect injuries that may become life threatening

A

A. To focus care on specific injuries

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6
Q

Slight movement of the chest during respiration is usually indicative of which of the following?

A. Shallow breathing
B. Noisy breathing
C. Normal breathing
D. Labored breathing

A

A. Shallow breathing

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7
Q

In the assessment of a responsive medical patient, which of the following will provide you with the most important information?

A. Patient’s medical history
B. Focused physical exam
C. Detailed physical exam
D. Baseline vital signs

A

A. Patient’s medical history

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8
Q

What is the first thing the EMT does during the primary assessment?

A. Determines transport priority
B. Opens the airway
C. Assesses mental status
D. Forms a general impression

A

D. Forms a general impression

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9
Q

Expert clinicians may use different approaches of thinking through problems, but which of the following will they have in common?

A. Strong foundation of knowledge
B. Knowledge that one strategy works for everyone
C. Dislike of ambiguity
D. Organization of data in their head

A

A. Strong foundation of knowledge

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10
Q

Where might you find a patient’s medical alert identification jewelry?

A. Ankle bracelet
B. Bracelet
C. Necklace
D. All of the above

A

D. All of the above

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11
Q

Why is it important that your radio report to the receiving facility be concise?

A. The emergency department needs to know quickly and accurately the patient’s condition
B. You want to make sure the doctor approves your medical order request
C. You want to appear professional
D. You do not want the bore the nurse receiving your report

A

A. The emergency department needs to know quickly and accurately the patient’s condition

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12
Q

When pupils are dilated, they are:

A. Elliptical or elongated in shape
B. Smaller then normal
C. Larger then normal
D. Irregularly shaped

A

C. Larger then normal

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13
Q

For which of the following patient’s would capillary refill be a reliable sign of circulatory status?

A. 3-year-old child with a fever and cough
B. 92-year-old man complaining of weakness on his right side
C. 24-year-old homeless man who has spent the night outside in the rain
D. 50-year-old woman complaining of chest pain

A

A. 3-year-old with a fever and a cough

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14
Q

Where should the EMT assess for injury when caring for a patient who had a 10-foot fall and landed square on his feet?

A. Patient’s ankles
B. Patient’s pelvis
C. Patient’s femur
D. All of the above

A

D. All of the above

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15
Q

At what point is the scene size up complete?

A. When the number of patient’s has been determined
B. When crashed vehicles have been stabilized
C. Upon stabilization of the C spine
D. At the end of the call

A

D. At the end of the call

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16
Q

When considering the potential for injury from a fall, which of the following is the least important?

A. Patient’s weight
B. Whether the patient struck anything with his body on the way down
C. Height of the fall
D. type of surface onto which the patient fell

A

A. Patient’s weight

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17
Q

You suspect that a 6-year0old with multiple bruises and a broken wrist was abused. The stepmother states that the patient fell down the stairs. The patient is crying and sheepishly nods in agreement with the stepmother’s statements. How should you document this situation in the patient report?

A. Document only the actual exam findings. Do not document anything that was said.
B. Document who you suspect caused the injuries in the narrative so that law enforcement has a record of the incident
C. Document what was said as well as your opinion that the child was too afraid to tell the truth
D. Document any pertinent information that was said by the stepmother and child exactly in quotations

A

D. Document any pertinent information that was said by the stepmother and child exactly in quotation

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18
Q

You respond to a 30-month-old patient who has passed out. Is the patient’s blood pressure important to your treatment? why?

A. No, blood pressure is difficult to obtain in children younger than age 3 and has little impact on the patient’s field management
B. No, blood pressure taken on children younger than age 3 can cause damage to the tissues of the arm and could lead to hypertension later in life.
C. Yes, blood pressure must be taken on everyone because without it we cannot provide adequate field management
D. Yes, blood pressure should be taken on children because it is the only way we can understand the patient’s condition

A

A. No, blood pressure is difficult to obtain in children younger than age 3 and had little impact on the patients field management

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19
Q

When assessing a patient who has been stabbed, which of the following information should the EMT gain first?

A. Make and model of the knife
B. Angle at which the knife entered the patient
C. Owner of the knife
D. Size and type of the knife

A

D. Size and type of the knife

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20
Q

You are unable to find a radial pulse on a patient from a motor vehicle crash. You should:

A. Begin chest compressions
B. Listen for heart sounds
C. Attempt to find the carotid pulse
D. Apply the pulse oximeter

A

C. Attempt to find the carotid pulse

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21
Q

The term priapism means _______ and may be found in injuries of the ________.

A. Unequal pupils; brain
B. A persistent penile erection; spine
C. A painful muscle spasm; spine
D. abnormal pulsation; abdomen

A

B. A persistent penile erection; spine

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22
Q

A patient with a pulse rate of 120 beats per minute is considered which of the following?

A. Tachycardic
B. Dyscardic
C. Normocardic
D. Bradycardic

A

A. Dyscardic

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23
Q

You are on the scene in the bad part of town for an unresponsive 18-year-old type-1 diabetic patient. His mother states that he is very noncompliant with his diabetes management and often goes unresponsive due to low blood sugar. After performing the primary assessment, you believe that this is the most likely cause of his unresponsiveness. however, after taking a capillary glucose reading you are surprised to see that the patient’s sugar level is normal. How will you now determine the field diagnosis?

A. Continue patient care by getting a complete SAMPLE history and perform a complete secondary assessment.
B. Recognize that the mother was lying to you. The patient is not diabetic and you now must assume everything she told you is wrong.
C. Recognize that the mother is probably trying to protect her son from jail. Tell her that it is critical that she tell you what drug he actually took
D. You cannot make a correct diagnosis in the field because you cannot perform all the necessary tests with your limited scope of practice.

A

A. Continue patient care by getting a complete SAMPLE history and perform a complete secondary assessment

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24
Q

Where might you find a patient’s medical alert identification jewelry?

A. Bracelet
B. Necklace
C. Ankle bracelet
D. All of the above

A

D. All of the above

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25
Q

In medical terms, bruises are known as which of the following?

A. Deformity
B. Abrasion
C. Laceration
D. Contusion

A

D. Contusion

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26
Q

You enter a room to find a 16-year-old female sitting upright in a chair with her back straight, leaning forward, and her arms supporting her. She is having a hard time talking to you. You should suspect:

A. Abdominal pain
B. Allergic reaction
C. Chest discomfort
D. Respiratory distress

A

D. Respiratory distress

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27
Q

Which of the following situations will not require additional resources at the scene?

A. A patient with emphysema who is on oxygen therapy at home
B. A 300 pound woman complaining of back pain
C. A call for a sick person at home during which an odor of natural gas is detected
D. A call to a manufacturing plant where a worker has his hand caught in a machine

A

A. A patient with emphysema who is on oxygen therapy at home

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28
Q

Medical direction has requested that you administer 70 grams of activated charcoal to an overdose patient. Which of the following should you do next?

A. Administer the medication without delay
B. Document the order in writing before carrying it out
C. Prepare the medication and then call the hospital back to verify the order
D. Repeat the order back to the physician to make sure you understood correctly

A

D. Repeat the order back to the physician to make sure you understood correctly

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29
Q

In medical terms, bruises are known as which of the following?

A. Abrasion
B. Deformity
C. Contusion
D. Laceration

A

C. Contusion

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30
Q

Of the following, which would most likely give the best information regarding your patient’s mental status?

A. Pulse and respiratory rate
B. Patient’s ability to know person, place, time, and purpose
C. List of allergies
D. Last oral intake

A

B. Patient’s ability to know person, place, time, and purpose

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31
Q

You are treating a 32-year-old man who is deaf. You need to find out why he called for an ambulance. What is the best way to communicate with this patient?

A. Use hand gestures to act out what you are trying to say
B. Call for an interpreter to meet you at the hospital
C. Speak very loudly in case he has a little hearing
D. Make sure the patient can see your lips when you speak

A

D. Make sure the patient can see you lips when you speak

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32
Q

You are called for a patient who is complaining of being weak and dizzy. he reports that he does not have enough money to pay for his medications so he has not gotten them refilled. Your service has an automatic blood pressure machine and you use it to measure the patient’s blood pressure while you count his respirations. the blood pressure machine reports a blood pressure of 280/140. what should you do next?

A. Take a manual blood pressure
B. Call immediately for ALS response
C. Begin transport immediately
D. Continue with vital sign assessment

A

A. Take a manual blood pressure

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33
Q

Which of the following best describes a repeater?

A. A device that receives and amplifies a signal that must be carried over long distances
B. A two-way radio that is mounted in a vehicle
C. A two-way radio that can be carried on a belt clip
D. A two-way radio at a fixed site

A

A. A device that receives and amplifies a signal that must be carried over long distances

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34
Q

You are transporting a patient down a bumpy road. Your patient’s blood pressure has just been measured by the monitor at 190/110. the patient’s blood pressure on scene was 130/80. You should:

A. Re-measure the blood pressure manually
B. Ignore the blood pressure reading
C. Apply the automatic cuff to the other arm
D. Have the driver increase the truck’s speed

A

A. Re-measure the blood pressure manually

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35
Q

Which of the following is the best way to assess a patient’s skin temperature?

A. Place the back of your hand against the patient’s forehead
B. Place your cheek against the patient’s forehead
C. Place your cheek against the patient’s abdomen
D. Place the back of your hand against the patient’s abdomen

A

A. Place the back of your hand against the patient’s forehead

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36
Q

The QI manager calls your partner into his office after your shift. The QI managers pulls out your partner’s EMS report on a call he ran last month on a 45-year old driver of a single-vehicle motor vehicle collision. There were several empty beer cans in the patient’s vehicle., and your partner detected an odor of alcoholic beverages on the patient’s breath. The QI manager, however, critiques your partner about calling the patient an alcoholic and giving opinions in the report. he tells you your partner to never write opinions in the EMS report. your partner is confused because he is sure the patient was drunk, and he was actually arrested for suspicion of driving while intoxicated. Your partner believes his assessment is supported by facts and not just his opinion. How can you help your partner understand the QI manger’s concerns?

A. The patient is assumed to be innocent until proven guilty. He is not an alcoholic until he is convicted of drinking and driving by a court of law.
B. The QI manager is afraid the patient will sue the EMS service for libel
C. Calling the patient an alcoholic is not polite, even if it is true
D. Documenting that the patient is an alcoholic is an unverifiable opinion of the patient that is not supported by available facts and could negatively influence other medical providers.

A

D. Documenting that the patient is an alcoholic is an unverifiable opinion of the patient that is not supported by available facts and could negatively influence other medical providers

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37
Q

You are transporting a city councilman to the hospital after he inured his shoulder playing basketball at his gym. his left shoulder is swollen, deformed, and bruised. there is pain and tingling when the patient attempts to use his hand. He has a pulse of 92 per minute, a respiratory rate of 20 per minute, and a blood pressure of 132/88 mmHg. Which of the following should not be included in the radio report?

A. How the injury occurred
B. The appearance of the shoulder
C. Notification that extra security is needed for a VIP
D. Vital signs

A

C. Notification that extra security is needed for a VIP

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38
Q

A description of a patient’s condition that assists a clinician in further evaluation and treatment is known as which of the following?

A. Diagnosis
B. Red flag
C. Clinical decision
D. Critical thinking

A

A. Diagnosis

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39
Q

Which of the following the most reliable means of determining whether a patient has any immediately life threatening conditions?

A. Systematic approach to assessment
B. Use of intuition
C. Obtaining a detailed medical history
D. Thorough scene size up

A

A. Systematic approach to assessment

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40
Q

You are assessing a patient who has been involved in a motor vehicle crash. Which of the following questions would be the most important to ask him?

A. Why were you in such a hurry?
B. How much fuel is in your car?
C. How fast was the vehicle going?
D. Have you been in a crash before?

A

C. how fast was the vehicle going?

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41
Q

What is the surgical opening in the wall of the abdomen with a plastic bag in place to collect digestive waste?

A. Colostomy
B. Stoma
C. Priapism
D. Tracheostomy

A

A. Colostomy

42
Q

Your patient is a 22 year old college student complaining of abdominal pain. she is alert and oriented, although somewhat uncomfortable. Which of the following should be your first action?

A. Perform a physical examination
B. Ask the patient to describe the pain and find out if she has other complaints
C. Take the patient’s roommate aside and ask about the patient’s medical history
D. Palpate the patient’s abdomen for tenderness and guarding

A

B. Ask the patient to describe the pain and find out if she has other complains

43
Q

The ambulance is called for an assaulted patient. While transporting the patient to the hospital , the EMT notes that patient’s jugular veins are flat (nondistended). Which of these is most likely the cause of this finding?

A. Blood loss
B. High blood pressure
C. Closed head injury
D. Blood collecting around the heart in the pericardial sac

A

A. Blood loss

44
Q

An injury caused by an object that passes through the skin or other body tissue is known as which of the following?

A. Puncturing trauma
B. Impaling trauma
C. Cavitating trauma
D. Penetrating trauma

A

D. Penetrating trauma

45
Q

You have performed a rapid trauma assessment on a patient with multiple long bone injuries. Your next assessment step should be which of the following?

A. Obtain baseline vital signs and past medical history
B. Call the ALS unit to determine their ETA before deciding your next step
C. Transport the patient to the hospital and perform a detailed physical exam
D. Perform a detailed physical exam

A

A. Obtain baseline vitals signs and past medical history

46
Q

You are approaching an adult female lying supine on the ground with snoring respirations. You should:

A. Ventilate with a bag-valve mask
B. Open her airway with a jaw-thrust maneuver
C. Insert a nasopharyngeal airway
D. Insert an oropharyngeal airway

A

B. Open her airway with a jaw-thrust maneuver

47
Q

“if it looks like a duck and quacks like a duck, it must be a duck-except when it isn’t” is a way to summarize which of the following?

A. Overconfidence
B. Confirmation bias
C. illusory correlation
D. Representatives

A

D. Representatives

48
Q

Mr. Green is complaining of severe difficulty breathing after being stung by a bee. His wife states he has had reactions to bee stings before, but not write this severe. Which medications should you specifically ask him about?

A. Antibiotics
B. Epinephrine
C. Insulin
D. Beta-blockers

A

B. Epinehrine

49
Q

What s the pressure remaining in the arteries after the pulse wave has passes through?

A. Diastolic blood pressure
B. Venous pressure
C. Resting blood pressure
D. Systolic blood pressure

A

A. Diastolic blood pressure

50
Q

Your patient is an unresponsive 40-year-old woman. Which of the following should you do first?

A. Perform a physical exam
B. Immediately request advanced life support
C. Ask her husband is she has any known allergies
D. Take her blood pressure

A

A. Perform a rapid physical exam

51
Q

Which of the following is NOT true regarding a patient who has a mental status of less than alert?

A. His brain may not be getting enough oxygen
B. He requires high-concentration oxygen
C. He is in a state of rapid eye movement sleep
D. He may not have adequate blood circulation

A

C. He is in a state of rapid eye movement sleep

52
Q

An objective statement made in a prehospital patient care report meets all of the following criteria except which one?

A. Verifiable
B. Observable
C. Measurable
D. Biased

A

D. Biased

53
Q

To determine blood pressure by auscultation, The EMT should position the cuff over the upper arm and place the stethoscope over the brachial artery. Next, she should inflate the cuff, then slowly deflate the cuff, listening for clicks or tapping sounds while remembering the number at the first sound. What is the next step in taking a blood pressure?

A. Remove the cuff from the patient’s arm, place it on the opposite arm, and repeat the process to verify the reading
B. Continue releasing pressure until the clicks or tapping stop, and record both numbers
C. Dump all the pressure and record the number as the diastolic pressure
D. Re-inflate the cuff on the patient’s arm and repeat the process to verify the reading

A

B. Continue releasing pressure until the clicks or tapping stop, and record both numbers

54
Q

You are at the scene where a 19-year-old female college student has been drinking large quantities of alcohol throughout the evening. On your arrival, the patient is lying on her back with no signs of trauma; has vomited; and has slow, wet sounding respirations. Which of the following should you do next?

A. Determine the respiratory rate
B. Open the patient’s airway using a head-tilt, chin-lift maneuver
C. Check for carotid and radial pulses
D. Assist respirations with a bag valve mask device

A

B. Open the patient’s airway using a head-tilt, chin-lift maneuver

55
Q

Your patient has been hit in the arm with a baseball during practice. He is alert and oriented, complaining of pain to his left arm with obvious black discoloration of the skin. What type of assessment is called for in this situation?

A. Area exam
B. Detailed physical exam
C. Rapid trauma assessment
D. Focused exam

A

D. Focused exam

56
Q

Your patient is warm, dry, pink, and denies shortness of breath. Which of the following should the EMT expect to find when evaluating the patient’s oxygen saturation?

A. 95 percent
B. 91 percent
C. 102 percent
D. 98 percent

A

D. 98 percent

57
Q

What term describes a permanent surgical opening in the next through which a patient breathes?

A. Pneumothorax
B. Crepitation
C. Tracheostomy
D. Stoma

A

D. Stoma

58
Q

What is the normal response of the pupils when exposed to a bright light?

A. No effect
B. Dilation
C. Fluttering
D. Constriction

A

D. Constriction

59
Q

You are on the scene of a 16-year-old patient in respiratory distress. The patient has a history of asthma. After placing the patient on oxygen and performing the primary and secondary assessments, you are confident that the patient is indeed having an asthma attack. How can you be sure your field diagnosis is accurate?

A. Think of all possible causes of respiratory distress and rule them in or out as potential diagnosis based on your clinical findings.
B. Ask your partner her opinion; if she also agrees that it is asthma, the diagnosis is correct.
C. Constantly reassess the patient to make sure you are correct.
D. Keep your EMT textbook with you on the ambulance and review it to confirm your diagnosis

A

A. think of all possible causes of respiratory distress and rule them in or out as potential diagnosis based on your clinical findings

60
Q

The first set of vital sign measurements obtained are often referred to as which of the following?

A. Baseline vital signs
B. Standard vital signs
C. Normal vital signs
D. None of the above

A

A. Baseline vital signs

61
Q

A patient whose mental status can be described ass verbal is able to:

A. Talk spontaneously and respond to the EMT’s questions
B. Respond only to a stimulus such as the EMT rubbing his sternum with his knuckles
C. respond to speaking or shouting by opening the eyes
D. Tell you his or her name, his or her location, and what day it is

A

C. Respond to speaking or shouting by opening the eyes

62
Q

An EMT’s assessment differs from an assessment made in the emergency department in which way?

A. An EMT’s focus is on life threats first
B. The emergency physician is concerned with scene safety
C. Time is available in the emergency department to make a diagnosis
D. The EMT is working with limited resources

A

D. The EMT is working with limited resources

63
Q

IN which of the following circumstances is a fully documented prehospital care report not necessary?

A. A patient says that someone else called EMS and he does not want any assistance
B. A patient is treated but not transported
C. Multiple patient’s come from and office building evacuation
D. A fully documented patient care report is required for all the above

A

C. Multiple patients come from an office building evacuation

64
Q

Which of the following will deliver a medium velocity impact?

A. Ice pick
B. Bullet from a handgun
C. Bullet from an assault rifle
D. Butcher knife

A

B. Bullet from a handgun

65
Q

Once you have reached a possible diagnosis for a patient, you should:

A. Stop looking for other causes for the patient’s signs and symptoms
B. Aggressively treat the patient for that condition only
C. Assume your diagnosis is wrong and start your assessment over from the beginning
D. Continue to look for data that will help rule in or rule out other conditions

A

D. Continue to look for data that will help you rule in or rule out other conditions

66
Q

You are called for a patient who is complaining of being weak and dizzy. he reports that he does not have enough money to pay for his medications so he has not gotten them refilled. Your service has an automatic blood pressure machine and you use it to measure the patient’s blood pressure while you count his respirations. the blood pressure machine reports a blood pressure of 280/140. What should you do next?

A. Begin transport immediately
B. Continue with vital sign assessment
C. Take a manual blood pressure
D. Call for immediate ALS response

A

C. Take a manual blood pressure

67
Q

For which of the following patients is a focused physical examination appropriate?

A. A 70 year old male with dementia whose caretaker called because he “didn’t seem like himself today”
B. A 25 year old female with a history of asthma and who is complaining of difficulty breathing
C. A 19 year old female with a history of epilepsy and who is found only responsive to painful stimuli by her roommate
D. A 30 year old male with a history of diabetes and who is found unresponsive by his son

A

B. A 25 year old female with a history of asthma and who is complaining of difficulty breathing

68
Q

Your patient is a 24 year old female who swallowed a handful of pills of unknown type. Although she was initially alert and oriented with no complaints, you note she is now beginning to slur her words and is becoming progressively lethargic. What is the highest priority in dealing with this patient?

A. Maintaining an open airway
B. Notifying the receiving facility of the change in mental status
C. Finding out exactly what she took
D. Checking the patient’s pupil size and reactivity to light

A

A. Maintaining an open airway

69
Q

Where do baseline vital signs fit into the sequence of patient assessment?

A. At secondary assessment
B. At the patient’s side
C. At primary assessment
D. Ongoing assessment

A

A. At secondary assessment

70
Q

Your patient is a 14-year-old male who was run over by a tractor and is now unresponsive. During the rapid assessment, you should look for clear drainage coming from the patient’s ____ indicating a serious injury.
A. Mouth
B. Ears
C. Eyes
D. Rectum

A

B. Ears

71
Q

During the primary assessment of a responsive adult patient, where should the pulse be checked?

A. At the radial artery
B. At the brachial artery
C. At the femoral artery
D. At the carotid artery

A

A. At the radial artery

72
Q

In which of the following patient’s should you check for the possibility of spinal injury?

A. An unresponsive diabetic who appears to have fallen down
B. An unresponsive patient found in her bed with no obvious injury
C. A responsive patient with no history of injury who is complaining of a headache and neck pain
D. All of the above

A

A. An unresponsive diabetic who appears to have fallen down

73
Q

You have a patient who is unresponsive on the floor. What is the best way to rule in or rule out trauma as a cause of the patient’s unresponsiveness?

A. Check the patient’s blood glucose to rule out hypoglycemia
B. Examine the patient for signs of trauma
C. Perform a stroke scale on the patient
D. Look for bystanders and ask them if they witnessed the incident

A

D. Look for bystanders and ask them if they witnessed the incident

74
Q

You and another EMT are discussing a call he previously ran. The EMT said the patient had classic chest pain symptoms and he treated it as a possible heart attack, but he later found out the patient just had indigestion and was discharged 2 hours later. The EMT was concerned that his patient assessment skills were not as good as they should be, and that the ED physician will no longer trust his judgement. How should you respond to his concerns?

A. Tell him that his misdiagnosis is a result of confirmation bias
B. Tell him that his misdiagnosis is a result of anchoring
C. Tell him that his misdiagnosis is a common EMT mistake caused by illusionary correlation
D. Tell him his misdiagnosis is a result of limited information

A

D. Tell him that his misdiagnosis is a result of limited information

75
Q

Which of the following patient’s is a high priority for transport?

A. Adult male with dull abdominal pain
B. Adult male with difficulty breathing
C. Adult male with a headache
D. Adult male with sharp lower back pain

A

B. Adult male with difficulty breathing

76
Q

Which of the following is NOT considered a principle of proper radio usage in EMS?

A. Speak as quickly as possible
B. Speak with your lips 2 to 3 inches from the microphone
C. Use plain English
D. Make sure the radio is on before speaking

A

A. Speak as quickly as possible

77
Q

What does distention refer to when describing your patient’s abdomen?

A. Having a sunken in appearance
B. Softer than normal
C. Harder then normal
D. Larger than normal

A

D. Larger than normal

78
Q

Which of the following presentations would be considered normal during the breathing phase of the primary assessment?

A. Respiratory rate of 16 with altered mental status
B. Respiratory rate of 6 with shallow depth
C. Respiratory rate of 12 with adequate depth
D. Respiratory rate of 28 with adequate depth

A

C. Respiratory rate of 12 with adequate depth

79
Q

When assessing a patient who has been stabbed, which of the following information should the EMT gain first?

A. Owner of the knife
B. Make and model of the knife
C. Size and type of the knife
D. Angle at which the knife entered the patient

A

C. Size and type of the knife

80
Q

What term describes a surgical incision in the neck that is held open by a metal or plastic tube through which a patient can breathe or be placed on a ventilator?

A. Tracheostomy
B. Priapism
C. Stoma
D. Distention

A

A. Tracheostomy

81
Q

You are performing a rapid trauma assessment on an unresponsive 30-year-old male. As you evaluate his head, Which of the following should you check for?

A. Unequal facial muscles
B. Function of the cranial nerves
C. Crepitation
D. Whether the patient can follow your finger with his eyes

A

C. Crepitation

82
Q

Mrs. Butler is a 66-year-old woman who is complaining of chest pain. Which of the following questions would be best in helping you determine if the pain is radiating?

A. Are you experiencing any other symptoms
B. Are you having pain anywhere besides your chest
C. Are you having pain in your arm?
D. Does anything make the pain better or worse?

A

B. Are you having pain anywhere besides your chest?

83
Q

You have arrived on the scene of a highschool football field where a 17-year-old male is lying on the ground. He is unresponsive an cyanotic, and he is making obvious respiratory effort without moving adequate amounts of air. Which of the following should be done first?

A. Open the patient’s airway using a manual maneuver
B. Insert a nasopharyngeal or oropharyngeal airway
C. Assist ventilations with a bag-valve-mask device and supplemental oxygen
D. Apply high concentration oxygen by nonrebreather mask

A

A. open the patient’s airway using a manual maneuver

84
Q

Your patient was struck in the chest with a baseball bat during a bar fight. A crackling or crunching sensation that is felt when air escapes from its normal passageways and is trapped under the skin is called:

A. Subcutaneous emphysema
B. Distention
C. Crepitation
D. Tension pneumothorax

A

A. Subcutaneous emphysema

85
Q

As you arrive at the scene of a house fire, a very upset man screams at you to help his young son, Who is trapped under a piece of burning wood on the ground. Which of the following should you do first?

A. Perform an initial assessment on the patient
B. Size up the scene before acting
C. Use a blanket to put out the fire on the piece of wood
D. With the father’s help, grab the boy by the arms and pull him from underneath the wood

A

B. Size up the scene before acting

86
Q

Which of the following is another term for trauma?

A. Injury
B. Illness
C. Medical problem
D. Suffering

A

A. Injury

87
Q

You are dispatched to a local bar for a report of an unresponsive female patient found in the bathroom. As you approach the scene, you notice a large crowd outside the front door holding beer bottles. The group has pulled the patient outside. As you approach the scene, people from the group start yelling, “Do something! She’s not breathing.” What concerns you most about this scene?

A. The fact that the patient has been moved from where she was found
B. the large crowd that has been drinking and is now yelling at you
C. The crowd stating the patient is not breathing
D. All of the above

A

B. The large crowd that has been drinking and is now yelling at you

88
Q

While an EMT forms a field diagnosis on the scene of an emergency, how do the steps differ from the traditional approach to diagnosis?

A. The EMT does not have time to form a differential diagnosis and must rely on prior experience when treating a patient.
B. The EMT must perform a patient assessment to begin the process of forming a diagnosis
C. The EMT must rule in or out the most serious conditions associated with the patient’s presentation
D. Due to the limited time spent with the patient, The EMT must rely on a differential diagnosis

A

C. The EMT must rule in or out the most serious conditions associated with the patient’s presentation

89
Q

Immediately following a rapid physical exam on an unresponsive medical patient, which of the following should you do next?

A. Check the scene for medications
B. Find out who the patient’s doctor is
C. Perform a focused physical exam
D. Obtain baseline vital signs

A

D. Obtain baseline vital signs

90
Q

Which of the following techniques is used when formulating the general impression?

A. Listening for unusual sounds
B. Looking for visual clues
C. Detecting odors
D. All of the above

A

D. All of the above

91
Q

Your patient has been hit in the arm with a baseball during practice. he is alert and oriented, Complaining of pain to his left arm with obvious black discoloration of the skin. What type of assessment is called for in this situation?

A. Focused exam
B. Area exam
C. Detailed physical exam
D. Rapid trauma exam

A

A. Focused exam

92
Q

While assessing the past medical history of a 68-year-old male patient involved in a fall from a 4-foot stepladder, you use the acronym SAMPLE. What does the A refer to?

A. Auscultate
B. Assessment
C. Allergies
D. Acute

A

C. Allergies

93
Q

For which of the following patient’s is a focused physical examination appropriate?

A. A 19-year-old female with a history of epilepsy and who is found only responsive to painful stimuli by her roommate
B. A 30-year-old male with a history of diabetes and who is found unresponsive by his son
C. A 25-year-old female with a history of asthma and who is complaining of difficulty breathing
D. A 70-year-old male with dementia whose caretaker called because he “didn’t seem like himself today.”

A

C. A 25-year-old female with a history of asthma and who is complaining of difficulty breathing

94
Q

Your patient is a 42-year-old woman who fell two feet from a ladder and is complaining of pain in her ankle. Which of the following are you unable to determine from the information given?

A. General impression
B. Chief complaint
C. Airway status
D. Transport priority

A

D. Transport priority

95
Q

Which of the following is true concerning the potential for violence at the scene of an EMS call?

A. The chance for violence is very low at emergency scenes
B. You do not need to worry about violence at an emergency scene once the police have secured it.
C. An unusual lack of activity at the scene may signal impending violence against the EMT.
D. Signs of impending violence are obvious if you know what to look for.

A

C. An unusual lack of activity at the scene may signal impending violence against the EMT

96
Q

Which of the following are vital signs that need to be recorded for virtually every EMS patient?

A. Pulse; respiration; skin color; temperature; and conditions; pupils, and bowel sounds
B. Pulse; respiration; skin color; temperature, and conditions; pupils; blood pressure; and bowel sounds
C. Pulse; respiration; skin color; temperature, and condition
D. Pulse; respiration; skin color, temperature, and condition; pupils; and blood pressure

A

D. Pulse; respiration; skin color, temperature, and condition; pupils; and blood pressure

97
Q

When a patient describes how he feels, he is telling you which of the following?

A. His signs
B. His diagnosis
C. His syndrome
D. His symptoms

A

D. His symptoms

98
Q

You are performing a rapid trauma assessment on an unresponsive 30-year-old male. As you evaluate his head, which of the following should you check for?

A. Whether the patient can follow your finger with his eyes
B. Function of the cranial nerves
C. Crepitation
D. Unequal facial muscles

A

C. Crepitation

99
Q

When checking breath sounds in a trauma patient, what should the EMT Assess for first?

A. Rate and oxygen saturation
B. Presence and equality
C. Wheezing and stridor
D. Edema and rhonchi

A

B. Presence and equality

100
Q

An oxygen saturation of 97 percent is considered which of the following?

A. Normal
B. Severe hypoxia
C. Hypoxia
D. Significant hypoxia

A

A. Normal

101
Q
A

NYS EMT-B Practice tests (8 decks)

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